硝胺类含能化合物ADNQ和APX的合成及热性能  

Synthesis and thermal performance of nitramine energetic compounds ADNQ and APX

作　　者：李亚南[1] 杨威[1] 舒远杰[1] 张生勇[1] 王伯周[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《化学推进剂与高分子材料》2016年第6期64-68,共5页Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21373157)

摘　　要：以硝基胍(NQ)为原料,经硝化合成了中间体1,2–二硝基胍(DNQ),然后与碳酸铵反应得到1,2–二硝基胍铵(ADNQ);DNQ与碳酸氢钾进行酸碱中和反应得到1,2–二硝基胍钾(PDNQ),最后在碘化钠和18–冠–6醚相转移催化剂的作用下与1,3–二氯–2–硝氨基氮杂丙烷进行取代反应合成了1,7–二氨基–1,7–二硝氨基–2,4,6–三硝基–2,4,6–三氮杂庚烷(APX)。采用红外光谱、核磁、质谱以及元素分析等进行了中间体与目标化合物的结构表征;采用差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重(TG)等手段研究了目标化合物的热性能。The intermediate 1,2-dinitroguanidine （DNQ） was synthesized through the nitration using the nitroguanidine （NQ） as raw material, and then the intermediate reacted with ammonium carbonate to obtain the ammonium 1,2-dinitroguanidine （ADNQ）. The potassium 1,2-dinitroguanidine （PDNQ） was synthesized through the acid-base neutralization reaction of DNQ and potassium bicarbonate. Finally, the 1,7-diamino-1,7-dinitrimino- 2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazaheptane （APX） was synthesized by nitriminoazapropane under the action of sodium iodide and characterization of the intermediate and the target compounds the substitution reaction of PDNQ and 1,3-dichloro-2- 18-crown-6 ether phase transfer catalyst. The structure were carried out by using the infrared spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrum, elemental analysis and so on. The thermal performance of the target compounds was investigated by using the differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, thermogravimetry （TG） and so on.

关 键 词：1 7–二氨基–1 7–二硝氨基–2 4 6–三硝基–2 4 6–三氮杂庚烷(APX) 1 2–二硝基胍铵(ADNQ) 合成 热性能 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]