独脚金内酯生物学结构特性、功能基因组学、表观遗传学及应用  

Biology characteristics,functional genomics,epigenetics and applications of Strigolactone

作　　者：段明[1] 元香梅 蒋茂双 张瑞杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学实验教学中心,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第12期868-874,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省青年科技研究基金(2015021142);山西农业大学科技创新基金(20142-12)

摘　　要：[目的]为独脚金内酯相关研究提供参考。[方法]对独脚金内酯研究现状进行简要分析,主要从独脚金内酯的生物合成、功能基因组和表观遗传的角度上进行综述。[结果]发现独脚金内酯作为一类新型的植物激素,在植物与根际之间发挥着重要的作用。这类化合物可以诱导丛枝菌根菌丝分枝以及寄生植物种子的萌发。此外,它与生长素和细胞分裂素一样,参与植株的形态建成。目前,已从拟南芥、水稻和豌豆等植物突变体中鉴定出独脚金内酯代谢的相关酶类:胡萝卜素异构酶、类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶以及P450单加氧酶。功能基因组学和表观遗传学为独脚金内酯相关基因的表达调控研究提供了新的方向。[结论]独脚金内酯参与调控植物的生长发育以及植物与微生物的相互作用,已在农业生物领域开始广泛应用,因此,对其开展深入而透彻地研究是非常必要的。[Objective]In order to provide a references for research of Strigolactones（SLs）.[Methods]To analyse the research status of SLs,the review covers the biosynthetic pathway,genomics and epigenetics regulation mechanisms of SLs.[Results]Strigolactones（SLs）represent a new plant hormone class and play an role important in plant and rhizosphere interactions.These compounds stimulate hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF）and seed germination of root parasitic plants.In addition,they are involved in the control of plant architecture together with other plant hormones such as auxins and cytokinins.Highly branched/tillered mutants in Arabidopsis,pea,and rice have enabled the identification of four SL biosynthetic enzymes：a cis/trans-carotene isomerase,two carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases,and a cytochrome P450（MAX1）.Functional genomics and epigeneticstudies started to give new direction for the regulation of SLs related genes.[Conclusion]Since they control plant architecture and plant-rhizosphere interaction,SLs start to be used for agronomical and biotechnological applications.Therefore,it is necessary to decipher and better understand SLs.

关 键 词：独脚金内酯 分枝 激素 基因 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]