重塑高等教育改革:从计划教育到思想市场  

“Reshape Higher Education Reform:from Planned Education to the Marketplace of Ideas

作　　者：王建华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院 [2]南京师范大学道德教育研究所

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2016年第6期17-23,共7页University Education Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目“高等教育中的公民教育”(15YJA880066)

摘　　要："计划性"仍是当前我国高等教育体制的基本特征。高等教育改革由政府主导,改革的目标似乎就是不断强化政府对于大学的控制而不是驱动整个高等教育向真正好的制度去转型。实践中一旦某个计划取得了成效,就会被管理者作为经验迅速推广到相关或不相关的领域。其结果,计划性与功利性相互叠加,越计划越功利,越功利越计划。重塑高等教育改革必须直面体制问题,而要解决体制问题就要以自由思想来纾解计划思维。真正伟大的科学发现从来不是计划好的,真正伟大的大学也从来不是靠人多或论文多取胜,甚至也不是简单的金钱付出与回报。对高等教育改革而言,自由的思想市场至关重要,真正的高等教育改革应是大学"自由地改革"而不是"被改革"。Transformation from planned economy system to market economy system is not only the reason for the success of Reform and Opening-up in China,itself is also the most important results.However,'planning' has been a basic feature of higher education system during more than 30 years since the Reform and Opening-up.Planned education system has become an integral part of the political system in our country,owing to the consistency of the education system and the national system.Dominated by political and administrative power,planned education system is essentially anti-competitive,but in the meantime the abnormal competition under the planned education system is fierce for some institutional reasons.Indeed,the competition is often not the spontaneous result of higher education or university,but guided by some government calls and aims at being brought into the educational plan.Thus the results of the competition will only strengthen the government's preference for planning rather than pushing the government to abolish planned education system.Constrained by the planned education system,a lot of artificial competition produced by administrative power is now throwing our higher education reform and development into danger due to the improper selection of competition rules.The current higher education reform in China is still dominated by the government and usually focuses on local and immediate interests,featured by short-term planning and goal orientation.In this mode,our universities and disciplines may be ranked high all over the world in a short term,but they won't become real prestigious universities without a free marketplace of ideas or thoughts that can be passed on and embraced into human civilization.We must encourage competition in the marketplace of ideas by constructing relative institutions actively,if we sincerely want to build up world-class universities and become powerful in higher education.Unfortunately,in the process of the reform,people pursued rationality of the existed system and leave the danger

关 键 词：计划教育 思想市场 自由思想 计划思维 高等教育改革 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]