不同肥料对柳杉幼苗生长及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of different fertilizers on growth and nutrient uptake in Cryptomeria fortunei seedling

作　　者：覃梅 赵毅辉[2] 郑绍鑫 廖雪菊 莫芳 杨梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西六万林场,广西玉林537000 [2]广西大学林学院,南宁530005

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2016年第10期1737-1742,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260176);"十一五"广西林业科技项目(桂林科字[2009]第23号)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同肥料对柳杉幼苗生长及养分吸收的影响,为制定柳杉壮苗施肥措施及其人工林经营提供参考依据。【方法】盆栽柳杉幼苗,采用随机区组试验,设不施肥(CK,处理1)、施硫酸造粒肥(处理2)、施蒸汽造粒肥(处理3)和施有机肥(处理4)4个处理,1年后测定各处理苗高、地径、地上和地下部分干物质及氮、磷、钾养分含量、盆栽土壤水解性氮、速效磷、速效钾含量。【结果】各施肥处理的柳杉苗木生长、养分积累及土壤速效养分含量差异较大,且均极显著高于CK(P<0.01),其中处理2的苗高最高、地径最粗,分别比CK增加24.4%和40.7%,处理3的植株干物质、氮、磷、钾养分含量最高,分别比CK高216.0%、119.4%、192.0%和198.8%,处理4的幼苗盆栽土壤有效养分含量最高,显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。【结论】施用硫酸造粒肥能加快柳杉苗木出圃,施用蒸汽造粒肥培育的柳杉苗木更适用于多风易致苗木损伤弯折林地造林,施用有机肥可活化土壤中的氮、磷、钾明显提高土壤有效氮、速效磷及速效钾含量。【Objective】Effects of different fertilizers on Cryptomeria fortunei seedlings growth and nutrient uptake were studied,in order to provide reference for customizing fertilization measures for strong seedlings and plantation management.【Method】 Randomized block experiment was applied to potted C.fortunei seedlings with four different treatments,namely no fertilizers（CK,treatment 1）,sulfate granulated fertilizer（treatment 2）,steam granulated fertilizer（treatment3） and organic fertilizer（treatment 4）.Seedling height,ground diameter,partial dry matters in upper ground and underground,nutrient content of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,hydrolytic available Phosphorus and available Potassium in the soil were measured after one year.【Result】Data of growth situation and nutrient contents of all treated C.fortunei seedlings varied greatly,but all were higher than those of CK（P0.01）Among all the seedlings,those treated with treatment 2 showed highest height and biggest ground diameter,24.4%and 40.7%higher than those of CK respectively.Seedlings contained highest content of plant dry matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium under treatment 3,216.0%,119.4%,192.0%,198.8%higher than those of CK respectively.Available nutrient content of pot soil under treatment 4 was significantly higher than that under the other treatments（P0.05）.【Conclusion】Application of sulfate granulated fertilizer shortens the time before C.fortunei seedlings growing into qualified ones and being transplanted out of nursery.With treatment of steam granulated fertilizer,C.fortunei seedlings are more suitable for plantation in windy areas where seedlings are easily damaged by wind organic fertilizer can activate nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in soil and increase contents of available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium.

关 键 词：柳杉 硫酸造粒肥 蒸汽造粒肥 有机肥 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S791.31[农业科学—林木遗传育种]