从“合理选择”走向“理性共识”:霍布斯契约论证中的内在逻辑  

From “rational choice”to “reasonable consensus”:The inner logic of Hobbes' s contract argument

作　　者：孟锐峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学,天津300350

出　　处：《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第6期61-68,共8页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部青年基金项目"社会主义协商民主与人民主体的关系研究"(项目号:15YJC710043);教育部重大课题攻关项目"中国特色社会主义协商民主研究"(项目号:14JZD004)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：霍布斯的政治哲学可以理解为对这一问题的思考:追求不同偏好的个体在相互竞争的利益争夺中如何能够达成共识并建立一种和平合作的社会秩序。从整个论证来看,霍布斯显然认为一个稳定的社会合作秩序的建立不是依靠信奉一套来自宗教神学或形而上学目的论的道德观念,而是依靠那些拥有不同"合理选择"的人通过理性层层辨析和推理所达成的"理性共识"。霍布斯是以一种非宗教神学的方式来寻求对政治和社会问题的解决之道,从个体人基于私利的"合理选择"论证了人们走向"理性共识"并建立合作的可能和条件。Hobbes＇s political philosophy can be understood as a reflection on the question： how to reach a consensus and estab- lish a kind of social order of peace and cooperation in the pursuit of different preferences of individuals competing for interests. From the point of view of the whole argument, Hobbes obviously believes that a stable social order is not built on believing in a set of moral concepts from religious theology or metaphysical teleology, but on those with different kinds of ＂reasonable choice＂ through various levels of rational analysis and reasoning for a rational consensus. Hobbes is on a non - religious and theological road to seek the solution of political and social issues, while from the individual based on the self - interest of ＂rational choice＂ he demonstrates the possibility and condition for people＇s cooperation and ＂rational consensus＂.

关 键 词：合理选择 理性共识 自然法 绝对主权者 

分 类 号：D09[政治法律—政治学]