广西南丹玉兰汞矿周边土壤-霸王草系统汞含量分布及污染研究  

Mercury Content Distribution and Pollution Research on Overlod Grass System in Mercury Surrounding Soil of Nandan Yulan Area,Guangxi Province,China

作　　者：王远炜 钱建平[1,2] 莫福金 张藜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学广西冶金与环境实验中心,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学地球科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《地球与环境》2016年第6期605-612,共8页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(45063001;41073089);中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLEG8009)

摘　　要：本文通过对玉兰汞矿及其周边地区土壤和植物(霸王草)汞含量分布及污染的调查和研究,旨在了解土壤和霸王草中的汞污染状况以及汞在土壤-霸王草系统中的迁移转化规律,进而为汞污染防治与修复提供科学依据。本次研究共采集土壤样315件和植物样(霸王草)150件。全部土壤和植物样品采用MDS-2003F型压力自控密闭微波溶样系统消解,并用原子荧光测汞仪进行分析测定。结果表明,坑口片区土壤汞含量为1.362 1±1.227 6μg/g,拉莫片区土壤汞含量为0.742 8±0.717μg/g,周边地区土壤汞含量为0.346 4±0.031 3μg/g,分别为我国一些地区土壤汞自然含量(0.071μg/g)的19.18、10.46、4.88倍。土壤汞含量随远离矿区中部向东西两侧依次降低。植物汞含量分布与土壤汞含量分布基本相似。植物根汞、叶汞与土壤汞相关性为r=0.547和r=0.179,均大于临界值r=0.159(取信度α=5%),植物不同部分汞含量表现为根>叶>茎。上述特点表明土壤汞是植物汞的主要来源。本次采集工作中55%的土壤样汞含量超过了我国《土壤环境质量标准(GB15618-2008)》第二级标准的对应限值(汞≤0.35μg/g),坑口片区以及北部拉莫片区土壤汞污染较严重,污染范围为2km2。植物根汞对土壤汞的富集系数为3%,土壤汞形态分析显示土壤中的可吸收态汞含量低。植物茎/根和叶/根转运系数较高,为36.62%、65.91%,表明植物根部吸收的有效态汞较多地被转运到茎叶上。In this paper, mercury distribution of soil and plants（ overlord grass）in Yulan Mercury pithead district and surrounding areas, Lamo in Guangxi Province, China were investigated to understand the status of mercury pollution in soil and overlord grass and the transition and transform rule of mercury in soil-overlord grass system, and then to provide a scientific basis for mercury pollution prevention and restoration. In this study, 315 soil samples and 150 plants （overlord grass）samples were collected. All samples were treated by using MDS-2003F type pressure control closed microwave digestion system, and analysis and determine by using atomic fluorescence mercury meter. Results show that mercury content of soil in Pit area is 1. 362 1±1. 227 6 μg/g, and mercury content in soil in Lamo area is 0. 742 8±0. 717 μg/g, and the mercury content of soil in surrounding area is 0. 346 4±0. 031 3 μg/g, 19. 18, 10.46, 4.88 times the natural content of the soil mercury（0. 071μg/g） , respectively. As far away from the mining area in the middle of the soil mercury levels in turn spread out on both sides. The characteristics of mercury distribution in plants are similar to soil mercury distribution; the correlation between mercury in plant root and leaves and soil mercury are r = 0. 547 and r = 0. 179, respectively, higher than the critical value r= 0. 159（ the trust degree of α = 5% ）. Mercury content in different parts of plants shows the order of root〉leaf〉 stem, indicating that soil is the main source for mercury in plants. Mercury in plant roots on soil mercury enrichment coefficient is 3%, the levels of absorb state is low on soil. Plant root and stem hub transfer coefficients are higher, being 36.62% and 65.91% respectively, indicating that most of effective state of mercury absorbed by plants root is transferred to the stem leaf.

关 键 词：玉兰汞矿 土壤 霸王草 汞含量 污染评价 

分 类 号：X50[环境科学与工程—环境工程]