利用GRAPES-UCM模式对广州典型污染天气过程的数值模拟研究  

Study on the numerical simulation of the typical polluted weather process in Guangzhou using GRAPES-UCM

作　　者：姚帅[1,2,3] 蒋德海[1] 张艳霞[1] 李菲[1] 邓雪娇[1,2] 王宝民[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所/广东省区域数值天气预报重点实验室,广州510080 [2]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510275 [3]吉林省气象台,长春130062

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第6期1016-1028,共13页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41475105;41105006);国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAC16B06);科技部公益性(气象)行业项目(GYHY201306042);广东省科技计划项目(2015A020215020);广东省气象局科技创新团队计划(201506);广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(S2011040002251);城市气象科学研究基金(IUMKY&UMRF201110)

摘　　要：利用城市冠层加强观测资料对GRAPES-UCM模式进行了多个例的模拟分析与效果检验,表明:城市冠层效应使城市平均气温升高1.2℃,感热通量增加163%,热岛效应增强近1.3℃;城区风速减小16%,而风速的脉动增大;GRAPES-UCM模式对城市地表温度、风速、向下短波辐射、向上长波辐射、感热通量等的模拟结果与实际观测更为接近.近地面静小风、稳定的近地面层结(逆温)及风向的辐合导致污染物的局地堆积,容易造成高PM2.5浓度与低能见度的灰霾天气;与台风外围下沉气流相联系的高温有利于高臭氧事件的发生.城市冠层模式的引入对GRAPES模式在城市下垫面的模拟效果有显著的提升作用,能更好模拟出不利于污染物扩散的气象条件.Several cases are simulated by using GRAPES coupled with the single-layer urban canopy model（UCM）and the results are tested with the UCM intensified observation.The results show that urban canopy effect raise the city temperature by 1.2 ℃,and increase the sensible heat by 163%,and the intensity of the urban heat island is enhanced by 1 .3 ℃;the effect reduce urban wind speed by 1 6%,and increase the fluctuations;the results of simulating urban surface temperature,wind speed,net radiation flux and sensible heat by GRAPES-UCM are closer to the observations.Calm wind near surface,stable layer（temperature inversion）and the convergence of surface wind cause＆amp;nbsp;the accumulation of the pollutants and lead to high PM2.5 concentration and low visibility.High temperature related to peripheral downdraft of typhoon is conductive to the occurrence of high O3 events.The simulation of urban land cover will be elevated by introducing UCM to the GRAPES and GRAPES-UCM does better when simulating weather conditions of polluted days.

关 键 词：空气污染 城市冠层 GRAPES气象模式 气象条件 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]