4种绿化树种根系分泌物中的化学成分分析  

Chemical components of root exudates from four urban greening tree species

作　　者：王姣龙 谌小勇[1,2,3] 闫文德[1,2,4] 郝博[1] 张力[1] 任晓军[1] 刘之洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]College of Arts and Sciences,Governors State University,usaillinois60484 [4]中南林业科技大学城市森林生态湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第10期107-113,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家林业行业公益性科研专项(201404316);湖南省"百人计划"项目(0842);湖南省高校创新平台开放基金项目(12K070);国家林业局软科学研究项目(2013-R09);湖南省自然科学基金创新群体项目(湘基金委字[2013]7号);中南林业科技大学青年科学研究基金重点项目(QJ2010008A);中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新基金项目(CX2015B17)

摘　　要：【目的】研究我国南方4种常见绿化树种根系分泌物组分及各组分含量的差异,为城市绿化树种的选择和污染土壤的植物修复与治理提供研究数据。【方法】选取栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata)、紫玉兰(Magnolia liliiflora)、樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)、桂花(Osmanthus fragrans)4种常用绿化树种为试验材料,对其根系分泌物进行GC-MS分析,同时对根系分泌物中的总碳(TC)和总氮(TN)质量浓度进行测定。【结果】植物根系分泌物中检测到的成分数量依次为紫玉兰(35种)、桂花(16种)、栾树(15种)、樟树(7种),4种绿化树种根系分泌物成分主要包括烷烃、苯酚、烯烃、醛、酯、酮、醚、呋喃、胺肟、吡啶、咔唑、喹啉、有机酸、氨基酸等(按类型分),相对含量较高的为酚醛和烷烃类,其中栾树、紫玉兰、樟树、桂花根系分泌物中酚醛类相对含量分别为20.22%,13.61%,41.94%和42.07%,烷烃类相对含量分别为56.65%,7.77%,37.29%和33.13%。有5种化合物(二十烷、二十三烷、2,2′-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基)苯酚、3-羧胺吡啶-N-(2-三氟甲苯基)胺肟、8-羟基-2-甲醛喹啉)在4种绿化树种的根系分泌物中均可检测到;有2种化合物(二十一烷、二十四烷)在栾树、紫玉兰、桂花根系分泌物中均可检测到;顺-14-二十九烯烃在栾树、樟树、桂花根系分泌物中均可检测到。4种绿化树种根系分泌物中TC质量浓度依次为:栾树(28.78mg/L)>紫玉兰(24.15mg/L)>桂花(8.58 mg/L)>樟树(7.98 mg/L);TN质量浓度依次为:栾树(6.65 mg/L)>樟树(5.55mg/L)>紫玉兰(0.98mg/L)>桂花(0.76mg/L)。【结论】不同绿化树种根系分泌物中化合物种类及类型存在差异。【Objective】The variations in chemical compounds in root exudates from fourcommon greening tree species in southern China were studied to providedata and scientific basis for further research in selection of greening tree species and phytoremediation of contaminated environments.【Method】Chemicalcomponents oftotal carbon（TC）and total nitrogen（TN）inroot exudates offour urban greening tree species（Koelreuteria paniculata,Magnolia liliiflora,Cinnamomum camphora,and Osmanthus fragrans）were identified and analyzed using GC-MS.【Result】A total of 35 chemical components were found in root exudates of M.liliiflora,followed by O.fragrans（16）,K.paniculata（15）,and C.camphora（7）.The types of chemical components from root exudates included alkane,phenol,olefin,aldehyde,ester,ketone,ether,furan,amidoxime,pyridine,carbazole,quinoline,organic acid,and amino acid with the highest contents of phenol,quinone and alkane.Specifically,the ratios of phenol and quinone in the total detected compounds from K.paniculata,M.liliiflora,C.camphora and O.fragranswere 20.22%,13.61%,41.94% and42.07%,respectively.The alkane contents were 56.65%,7.77%,37.29% and 33.13%,respectively.Five common components in root exudates of all four studied tree species were eicosane,tricosane,2,2′-methylenebis[6-（1,1-dimethylethyl）-4-methyl-,Pyridine-3-carboxamide,oxime,N-（2-trifluoromethylphenyl）-,and2-Quinolinecarboxaldehyde,8-hydroxy-.Two components（Heneicosane and Tetracosane）were found in root exudates of K.paniculata,M.liliiflora and O.fragransand Z-14-Nonacosane was detected in root exudates of K.paniculata,C.camphora and O.fragrans.TC contentswere in the order of K.paniculata（28.78mg/L）〉M.liliiflora（24.15mg/L）〉O.fragrans（8.58mg/L）〉C.camphora（7.98mg/L）while TN contents were in the order of K.paniculata（6.65 mg/L）〉C.camphora（5.55 mg/L）〉M.liliiflora（0.98mg/L）〉O.fragrans（0.76 mg/L）.【Conclusion】There were differences in types and contents of root exudates from differ

关 键 词：栾树 紫玉兰 樟树 桂花 根系分泌物 化学成分 

分 类 号：S792.119[农业科学—林木遗传育种] X173[农业科学—林学]