生防菌Hhs.015防止苹果腐烂菌侵染寄主的组织学与细胞学研究  

Histological and cytological study on biocontrol stain Hhs.015 in preventing Valsa mali from infecting host

作　　者：范东颖 赵玲云[1,2] 黄丽丽[2,3] 颜霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第10期126-132,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101476;31171796);陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2013K01-45);杨凌示范区科技计划项目(2014NY-41)

摘　　要：【目的】对生防菌Hhs.015抑制苹果腐烂菌(Valsa mali)在寄主中侵入、定殖、扩展的现象进行组织学与细胞学观察,阐释生防菌Hhs.015对苹果腐烂病的防治机理。【方法】利用扫描电镜技术观察生防菌Hhs.015侵入寄主的方式,对Hhs.015作用下寄主体内的苹果腐烂菌亚细胞结构变化进行透射电镜观察,并用荧光显微镜观察寄主胼胝质的发生与积累情况。【结果】Hhs.015通过树皮皮孔、毛孔等自然孔口侵入树皮,与苹果腐烂菌的侵入方式一致,可能在空间位点上与病原菌存在竞争作用;Hhs.015作用下寄主体内的苹果腐烂菌菌体细胞壁不均且加厚、质壁分离、细胞质凝缩固集并形成大液泡,还能够诱导寄主产生胼胝质积累等抗性反应,对苹果腐烂菌菌丝的生长与侵染扩展产生了明显的抑制作用。【结论】生防菌Hhs.015可能通过竞争、抗生溶菌、诱导抗性等综合作用来防止苹果树腐烂病菌对寄主的侵染。【Objective】This study conducted histological and cytological observation on the invasion,colonization,and expansion of Saccharothrix yanglingensis Hhs.015 in host apple Valsa canker to explore the control mechanism of Hhs.015 in preventing Valsa mali from infecting host.【Method】The invasion and colonization of Hhs.015,the change of subcellular structure of V.mali affected by Hhs.015,and occurrence and accumulation of callose in host were observed by scan electron microscope,transmission electron microscope and fluorescence microscope.【Result】Hhs.015 probably competed with V.mali for special sites to intrude host through lenticels and pores of bark,which was consistent with V.mali.V.mali showed unevenness and intensification in cell wall,plasmolysis,condensation of cytoplasm and formation of large vacuoles when treated with Hhs.015 in host.Hhs.015 also induced host to generate resistance response such as accumulation of callose.Therefore,growth and infection of V.mali was significantly controlled by Hhs.015.【Conclusion】Hhs.015 could prevent V.mali from infecting host by the comprehensive effects ofcompetition,antifungal activity and induced resistance.

关 键 词：生防菌Hhs.015 苹果腐烂菌 空间位点竞争 抗菌作用 胼胝质积累 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.8[农业科学—植物保护]