在黄河滩苜蓿草地上基施硒钴配施肥对土壤肥力水平的影响?  

Effects of Selenium and Cobalt Compound Fertilizers Applied in Alfalfa Grassland on Soil Fertility Levels in Yellow River Beach

作　　者：郭孝[1] 邢其银[1] 刘党标[2] 胡华锋[1] 介晓磊[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南牧业经济学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省郑州种畜场,河南郑州450008 [3]商丘师范学院,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2016年第11期62-67,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：河南牧业经济学院科技创新项目(HUAHE 2015002);郑州市科技攻关项目(141PPTGG423)

摘　　要：在郑州黄河滩区紫花苜蓿草地上基施4种硒钴配施肥料（低硒低钴型、低硒高钴型、高硒低钴型和高硒高钴型）的田间试验,研究微肥基施3年后对土壤肥力的影响。结果表明：基施当年（2008）0-20cm土层中Se的有效含量平均提高了16.67%（P〈0.01）,种植苜蓿3年后（2011）;通过苜蓿吸收和富集,0-20cm土层中Se含量平均下降9.76%（P〈0.05）;基施当年高钴肥料能使0-20cm土层中Co的含量平均提高8.24%（P〈0.05）,种植苜蓿3年后,Co的含量平均下降5.74%（P〈0.05）,土壤中Co的含量相对平衡,低钴肥料对土壤中钴的有效含量影响不显著（P〉0.05）。硒钴配施肥料会显著降低土壤中Cu、Mn和Zn3种微量元素的有效含量（P〈0.05）,对土壤中Fe的含量影响不显著（P〉0.05）。试验结果提示,基施硒钴配施肥料,会降低土壤中速效钾的含量,但对土壤中碱解氮、速效磷以及有机质含量没有显著影响;硒钴配施还有降低土壤的容重和提高土壤孔隙度的作用,多次施用会破坏土壤的结构;4种硒钴配施肥料基施后能够显著影响土壤中硒的有效含量。A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of four selenium（Se）and cobalt（Co） combined fertilizers（lower Se-lower Co,lower Se-high Co, high Se-lower Co, high Se-high Co）on soil fertility by basal application for 3 years in Zhengzhou Yellow river beach. Results showed that：Se-Co combined fertilizers could affect the contents of selenium of soil more obviously, the content of selenium were increased by 16.67% （P〈0.01）in 2008 and decreased by 9.76%（P〈0.05）in 2011 in a depth of 0-20 cm arable soil layers. High Co combined fertilizer could affect the content of cobalt, the content of cobalt were increased by 8.24%（P〈0.05）in 2008 and decreased by 5.74 % （P〈0.05）In arable soil layers in 2011, Co balance in soil was kept better ;other fertilizers had no effects on the contents of cobalt. It＇s concluded that Se-Co combined fertilizers could decrease the content of available potassium, but didn＇t affect the contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matters. Se-Co combined fertilizers came to decrease volume weight of soil and increase soil porosity, successive application resulted in soil detoriation. The four kinds of Se-Co combined fertilizers could significantly decrease the contents of available Se.

关 键 词：苜蓿 硒 钴 土壤肥力 影响 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]