宜兴典型村落不同下垫面降雨径流污染物排放特征  

Release of Pollutants With Rainfall-Triggered Runoff From Different Underlying Surfaces in Villages Typical of Yixing

作　　者：汪楚乔[1] 陈柔君 吴磊[1] 宋海亮[1] 范忠保 刘秋菊[1] 李先宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2016年第4期632-638,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-005);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAJ10B12-02)

摘　　要：选取太湖沿岸宜兴市农村自然村落为研究对象,对研究区域降雨量和4种不同下垫面(屋面、庭院、道路和自留地)降雨径流中污染物进行监测,通过计算污染物的事件平均浓度(EMC),探讨了在天然降雨和人工模拟降雨条件下4种下垫面径流污染物的排放特征及影响因素。结果表明,4种下垫面的降雨径流污染都较严重,若直接排入受纳水体会造成严重污染。包含天然降雨和模拟降雨的综合降雨事件中4种下垫面径流中COD、SS、TN和TP的EMC均值分别为52.77~133.94、55.02~935.65、2.20~8.59和0.066~2.96 mg·L^(-1),其中,自留地的各项污染指标均最大。降雨量和降雨强度是影响村落地表径流中COD和SS浓度的重要因素。前期晴天时间与庭院、道路和自留地下垫面径流中污染物EMC之间呈正相关,而与屋面径流中污染物EMC之间相关性不明显。Natural villages on the shore of the Taihu Lake in Yixing were selected as objects in the study. Rainfall and pollutants in the rainfall-triggered runoff from 4 different types of underlying surface（ roof,courtyard,road and private plot） were monitored and event mean concentrations（ EMC） of the pollutants were calculated so as to explore characteristics of the release of pollutants with runoff from different types of underlying surface under natural rainfalls and simulated rainfalls and their affecting factors. Results show that the runoffs were seriously polluted regardless of type of underlying surface,and direct discharge of the runoff into receptor waterbodies would cause serious environment pollution. EMC of COD,SS,TN and TP in the runoff from 4 different types of underlying surface after each natural and simulated rainfall event varied in the range of 52. 77-133. 94,55. 02-935. 65,2. 20-8. 59 and 0. 066-2. 96 mg·L-1,respectively. Among4 types of interlying surface,private plot was the highest in all the pollution indices. Rainfall and rainfall intensity were the two important factors affecting COD and SS concentrations in the rural runoff,EMCs of the pollutants in runoffs from courtyard,road and private plot,were positively related to the number of sunny days prior to the start of rainfall events,but EMCs of the pollutants in runoffs from roof were not significantly related.

关 键 词：村落 降雨径流 排放特征 降雨特征 下垫面 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]