激素处理对杜鹃花自交与杂交种子萌发的影响  

Effects of hormone treatments on germination of self-pollinated seeds and hybrid seeds of azalea cultivars

作　　者：曹莎[1] 刘冰[1] 周泓[1] 夏宜平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2016年第10期1695-1703,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省花卉新品种选育重大科技专项重点项目(2012C12909-7)

摘　　要：杜鹃花种子细小且发芽率低,为探索有效促进种子萌发的方法,选用杜鹃花主栽品种春鹃紫蝴蝶自交种子为材料,通过蒸馏水浸种、GA3浸种和无菌播种添加NAA、KT、ZT及GA3的处理方式,比较不同处理对杜鹃花自交种子萌发时间、发芽率等指标的影响。结果表明,蒸馏水浸种处理以24 h浸种的效果最佳,发芽率达43%;无菌播种结合2.0 mg·L^(-1)GA3+0.05 mg·L^(-1)NAA处理的效果最佳,发芽率达75%;GA3浸种以1 600 mg·L^(-1)GA3处理24 h的效果最佳,发芽率可达82%,是对照组的1.82倍。以GA3浸种法处理杜鹃花2个杂交组合的杂交种子,发现其各项发芽指标均优于对照,其中29号杂交种子的最适GA3处理为1 200mg·L^(-1)浸种24 h,发芽率达96%;59号杂交种子最适GA3处理为1 600 mg·L^(-1)浸种24 h,发芽率可达95%,二者发芽率分别比对照提高20%和71%,萌发时间分别提早2和8 d。因此,适宜浓度尤其是高浓度GA3浸种处理能有效促进杜鹃花自交和杂交种子的萌发。To find an efficient way to promote seed germination of azaleas,whose seeds were very small and had low germination,self-pollinated seeds from azalea cultivar Zihudie were treated in three ways： 1） water soaking for 6 to48 h; 2） 100 to 2 000 mg·L^-1GA3 soaking for 24 h; 3） cultured in 1/4 MS medium with different combinations of NAA,KT,ZT and GA3. Then seed germination status of these treatments,including germination time,germination rate and other indicators were compared. The results showed that germination rate of seeds reached 43% when water soaking 24 h and the germination rate increased to 75% when aseptic seeding with 2. 0 mg·L^-1GA3＋ 0. 05 mg·L^-1NAA. Soaking seeds with 1 600 mg·L^-1GA3 for 24 h increased the germination rate to 82%,which was 1. 82 times as that of the control. Then this GA3 soaking treatment was set on seeds got from two cross breeding of azalea cultivars which named NO. 29 and NO. 59. The results showed that when treated with different concentrations of GA3for24 h,germination rate and related index of these two hybrid seeds were superior to those of the controls. Additionally,when the seeds of NO. 29 were soaked with 1 200 mg·L^-1GA3 for 24 h,the germination rate was 96%. As forNO. 59,the germination rate was 95% when the seeds were soaked with 1 600 mg·L^-1GA3 for 24 h. The seeds germinated 2 and 7 d earlier than the controls,and their germination rates increased 20% and 71% than the controls,respectively. Thus,this treatment especially high concentration of GA3 soaking was efficient in promoting germination for both self-pollinated seeds and hybrid seeds of azalea cultivars.

关 键 词：杜鹃 自交种子 杂交种子 激素处理 种子萌发 

分 类 号：S685.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]