一株耐低温原油降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性  

Studies on isolation,identification of cold-resistant petroleum-degrading strain and its degradation capability

作　　者：杨蕊琪 薛林贵[1] 常思静[2] 章高森[2] 陈拓[2] 刘光琇[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,甘肃省极端环境微生物资源与工程重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省极端环境微生物资源与工程重点实验室,中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2016年第10期1781-1789,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项项目(2014DFA30330);国家自然科学基金项目(31260090,31260135)

摘　　要：从青藏高原祁连山地区的土壤中分离筛选出一株高效耐低温原油降解菌YF28-1(8),其降解率为(57.90±3.86)%,经形态观察、生理生化及16S rRNA同源性分析进行初步鉴定,确定该菌株为红平红球菌(Rhodococcus erythropolis)。通过气相色谱—质谱联用法(GC-MS)、紫外分光光度法和重量法对原油降解菌降解性能进行研究。结果表明,降解菌YF28-1(8)对原油中的烷烃组分均有不同程度的降解,但对直链烷烃具有较强的生物降解作用。该菌株的最适降解条件为:初始p H 7.5、温度30℃、接种量800μL,培养8 d后生长量及降解率达到最大值,吐温80的添加只略微提高了菌株降解率。We obtained a low-temperature resistant crude oil degrading strain known as YF28-1（ 8） from the soil samples in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Qilian mountain,whose degradation rate was（ 57. 90 ± 3. 86） %. Besides,after a preliminary identification on the basis of investigation on its biochemical and biological characteristics and 16 S rRNA homology analysis,we defined this strain as Rhodococcus erythropolis. In addition,we drew a conclusion about degradation capability by means of GC-MS,UV-spectrophotometry,gravimetry that YF28-1（ 8） was able to biodegrade all alkane constituents in different degrees and especially effective to linear saturated alkane. The initial optimum conditions of this strain included： p H value at 7. 5,temperature at 30 ℃ and inoculation size of 800 μL and its quantity and degradation rate could reach maximum in only 8 days,meanwhile,surfactant named Tween 80 could only slightly improve its degradation rate.

关 键 词：低温 原油降解菌 GC-MS 降解特性 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]