猕猴桃实生苗性别比例和花器官分化研究  

Study on Sex Ratio and Flower Differentiation on Kiwifruit Seedlings by High Grafting

作　　者：吴玉妹[1] 邹风景 陈金爱[1] 张小所 刘文[3] 刘胜洪[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东省河源市和平县水果研究所,广东和平517200 [2]河源市和平县农业科学研究所 [3]仲恺农业工程学院生命科学学院

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2016年第22期78-80,86,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：广东省科技厅2016年科技发展专项资金(公益研究与能力建设方向2016A020210117)

摘　　要：调查研究了红阳和武植3号猕猴桃种子实生苗高位嫁接后性别比例和花器官分化情况,结果表明:红阳与武植3号猕猴桃实生苗接穗性别完全分化确定后,其雌雄性别比例均接近1∶1。红阳实生苗的整个花期在3月中旬至3月底,从始花期至终花期为17 d左右,武植3号猕猴桃的始花期至终花期在4月上旬至4月中下旬,花期时间长达25 d。总的来看,2个品种猕猴桃的实生苗接穗雄花花期总体上比雌花花期稍早,但2个品种猕猴桃亲代和F1代花器官性状遗传较为稳定。红阳的雌花花瓣数略高于雄花,但没有显著差异,雄花的雄蕊数个体差异较大;而武植3号的雌雄之间花瓣数并无差异,且雄花的雄蕊数个体差异较小。红阳花粉萌发率要低于武植3号,且红阳不同花朵个体间的花粉萌发率的差异略大于武植3号。The sex ratio and flower differentiation were investigated on ＇ Hongyang＇ （Actinidia Chinensis Hongyang）and ＇ Wuzhisanhao＇ （A. Chine nsis Wuzhi 3#）seedling after high grafting.The results showed that the sex ratio of ＇Hongyang＇ and ＇Wuzhi 3#＇ seedlings showed the 1：1 nearly. Flowering phase of ＇Hongyang＇ maintained 17 days from the middle ten-days to end of March.＇Wuzhi 3#＇ maintained 25 days from first to last ten-days April.In generally,the male flowering earlier than the female on seedling scion,but the traits of floral organ showed no significant between parental generation and F1 lines.The mean value of ＇ Hongyang＇ female petal was a little more than male,but showed no significant;the number of stamens between was large in different individuals.And in ＇Wuzhi 3#＇, the number of petal and stamens was no difference.＇ Hong＇yang＇ had the higher pollen germination rate than ＇Wuzhi 3#＇ and greater pollen germination rate between individuals.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 性别 花器官 花粉萌发 

分 类 号：S681.5[农业科学—观赏园艺]