氯化钙助剂分解钾长石制备氯化钾研究评述  

Preparation of potassium chloride from K-feldspar with calcium chloride as additive agent:a review

作　　者：陈建[1,2] 马鸿文[1] 张盼[1,2] 刘梅堂[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]昊青薪材(北京)技术有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《化工进展》2016年第12期3954-3963,共10页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2652015365)

摘　　要：概述了国内外以Ca Cl2为助剂分解钾长石制备氯化钾的研究历史及现状。以四川宝兴钾长石资源为例,从工艺过程的反应原理、资源消耗、能量消耗、环境相容性和产品方案等方面,对比分析了Ca Cl2高温活化钾长石矿化CO_2联产氯化钾工艺(高温固碳法)与水热碱法分解钾长石制取硫酸钾工艺(水热碱法)。结果表明,两种工艺分解钾长石在原理上均可行,但高温固碳法的资源消耗、能量消耗和CO_2排放量分别为水热碱法的1.59倍、2.45倍和4.10倍;高温固碳法除产品氯化钾外,需排放大量含氯化氢气体的有毒尾气及固碳尾渣,而水热碱法的副产品均为高附加值产品,三废排放接近于零。高温固碳法的固碳效率低,所固化CO_2仅相当于因固碳而消耗能量所排放CO_2总量的11.9%。因此,高温固碳技术距实际工程应用尚十分遥远。The research history and current situations of preparation of potassium chloride from K-feldspar with calcium chloride as additive agent is reviewed in this paper.Utilizing the K-feldspar derived from Baoxing county of Sichuan province as raw material,we evaluated and compared two processes of high temperature activation K-feldspar to fix carbon and hydrothermal alkaline decomposition K-feldspar from the perspectives of reaction principle,resource consumption,energy consumption,environmental compatibility and products.The results showed that both processes are feasible in principle,but the resource consumption,energy consumption and CO_2 emission by calcination K-feldspar for carbon fixation process is 1.59 times,2.45 times and 4.10 times of those by hydrothermal alkaline method,respectively.The calcination K-feldspar for carbon fixation process produces KCl products as well as a large amount of hydrochloric acid and solid waste,while the hydrothermal alkaline method could completely transform the K_2O,Al_2O_3 and SiO_2 in K-feldspar of the ores into valuable products and thus maximize the utilization of K-feldspar resources,and minimize the consumption of relevant mineral resources.What＇s more,the calcination K-feldspar for carbon fixation process has low efficiency of carbon fixation,and the fixed carbon is even less than that discharged due to the energy consumption for fix carbon.Therefore,the calcination K-feldspar forcarbon fixation process is still far from the practical engineering application.

关 键 词：氯化钙 钾长石 氯化钾 高温固碳法 水热碱法 

分 类 号：TQ443.5[化学工程—化学肥料工业]