生物电化学系统中电活性生物膜催化污染物降解的研究进展  

Research advances of pollutants degradation catalyzed by electroactive biofilm in bioelectrochemical system

作　　者：王有昭[1] 潘元[1] 吴宗庭[1] 周爱娟[2] 朱彤[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《化工进展》2016年第12期4033-4041,共9页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2015M570255);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(N140303002);辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究项目(L20150178);东北大学博士后科研基金(20150304)项目

摘　　要：近年来,以电活性生物膜为基础构建而成的生物电化学系统成为环境领域的研究热点之一,其功能主要包括废水的处理和能源回收等。本文根据电活性生物膜在阳极与阴极功能的不同,介绍了阳极电活性生物膜以直接或间接方式为主的电子传递机制,其具备从多种污染物中回收电子的能力;阴极电活性生物膜具备高度的多样性和特异性,可以催化难降解污染物的还原降解。与此同时,本文也分析了电活性生物膜在现阶段研究的不足之处,包括较低的阳极产电功率密度以及阴极还未清晰的电子传递机制等问题。本文的分析表明,根据实际废水成分的不同,需要控制电活性生物膜群落的结构,实现不同功能微生物在电活性生物膜的协作,并通过对实际废水进行预处理,或者对电极材料进行优化来辅助电活性生物膜的催化过程,有助于达到高效去除废水中污染物的目的。In recent years,bioelectrochemical system（BES） which based on electroactive biofilms（EAB）is proposed as one of hot topics in environmental field for pollutants degradation of wastewater and energy recovery.According to the different roles of EABs between anode and cathode,we presented the direct and indirect electron transfer mechanisms of anode EABs with an ability of electron recovery from various pollutants＇.The cathode EABs had a high diversity and specificity for catalytic reductive degradation of the refractory pollutants.Meanwhile, we also analyzed the deficiencies of EABs at the present stage,including the lower power density of electrogenesis in anode and the unclear extracellular electron transfer in cathode.These analyses indicated that the EABs community structures need to be controlled for the cooperation of different functional microbes in EABs according to the difference of actual wastewater composition,and the catalytic process of EABs can be assisted to achieve the aim of efficient pollutants removal from waste water by the pretreatment of actual wastewater or improving the electrode materials.

关 键 词：生物电化学系统 生物膜 生物催化 降解 污染 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]