干旱胁迫后供水与施氮对甘薯生长与产量的影响  

Effects of water supply and nitrogen application on growth and yield of sweet potato after drought stress

作　　者：李长志[1] 李欢[1] 刘庆[1] 史衍玺[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期29-32,共4页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家甘薯产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-11-B-14)

摘　　要：干旱胁迫是制约我国北方地区甘薯高产的主要因素.采用旱棚内盆栽试验方法,研究了甘薯前期（插秧30-45d）遭受干旱胁迫后,供水与施氮对甘薯生长、生理特性及产量的影响,旨在明确供水及水氮耦合对干旱胁迫的缓解效应.结果表明：1）与持续干旱处理相比,旱后供水、水＋氮处理,甘薯叶片中丙二醛（MDA）与脯氨酸（Pro）含量均显著下降（P〈0.05）;甘薯叶片的荧光参数最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）和实际光化学效率（PI（ABS））显著提高,旱后供水、供水＋氮均对甘薯前期干旱胁迫具有显著的缓解效应.2）旱后供水、水＋氮处理15d（插秧60d）时,甘薯地上、地下部的干物质积累量、最大蔓长、叶片数与持续干旱处理之间显著差异（P〈0.05）,供水与施氮可显著促进甘薯的营养生长与干物质积累,旱后水＋氮的效应高于旱后供水.3）水＋氮处理可显著提高甘薯茎叶的含氮量,与正常供水处理相比,甘薯产量仅减产2.7%,差异不显著,旱后水＋氮处理更有利于甘薯缓解干旱胁迫.North of China drought stress was the main limiting factor for the yield of sweet potato.A pot experiment which inside an artificial drought shed was conducted to study the effects of water supply and nitrogen application on the sweet potato early stage of growth,physiological characteristics and yield after drought stress.Our purpose was to clear the relieving effects of water supply and water and nitrogen coupling for drought stress.The main findings are as follows：1）compared with the control,malondialdehyde（MDA）and proline（Pro）content were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）in water supply and water and nitrogen treatments in the shoot.But the fluorescence parameters of maximum photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm）and PI（ABS）were significant increased in sweet potato leaf.The results showed that the water supply,water and nitrogen supply significantly reduced the harm of sweet potato growth after drought stress.2）After drought stress,the shoot dry weight,the lengthest stem,leaf numbers per plant of water supply,water and nitrogen treatment of sweet potato（60d）were significantly differences（P〈0.05）to drought treatment.The nutrient growth of sweet potato was significantly promoted by water supply and nitrogen application,which the effect of water and nitrogen treatment was better than water supply.3）Water and nitrogen supply treatment significantly increased the nitrogen content of shoot.Compared with the non-drought stress treatment,the sweet potato yield with drought stress was reduced 2.7% at harvest,which was not significant difference with each other.In summary,production,water and nitrogen supply were beneficial to alleviate drought stress for sweet potato.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 供水 施氮 甘薯生长 生理特性 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学] S531[农业科学—农业基础科学]