有机无机肥料配施对土壤微生物、土壤酶及玉米产量影响  

Effect of organic-inorganic fertilizer on soil microbial, enzymes and maize yield

作　　者：姜佰文[1] 侯力维 高强[1] 邓宏志 谢晓伟[1] 郭婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江农业经济职业学院,黑龙江牡丹江157000

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2016年第11期37-45,共9页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300806);农业部"948"项目(2016-X24);黑龙江省高校成果转化项目(1254CGZH19)

摘　　要：以先锋38P05玉米为试验材料,通过海林农场田间大区试验研究有机无机配施对玉米产量、土壤酶及土壤微生物影响。结果表明,玉米整个生育期土壤微生物生物量碳呈整体上升趋势,抽雄期配施20%有机肥处理(T2)土壤微生物生物量碳含量最高,其次为配施30%有机肥处理(T3)、不施肥处理(T5)、全施有机肥处理(T1),含量最低的为全施化肥处理(T4),各处理间差异显著;土壤微生物生物量呈整体上升趋势,在抽雄期为T2>T3>T4>T1>T5;配施处理土壤脲酶、土壤蔗糖酶活性均高于其他单一施肥和不施肥处理,抽雄期土壤脲酶活性为T3>T2>T1>T5>T4,且配施处理和其他处理间差异显著;土壤蔗糖酶活性在抽雄期为T2>T3>T1>T4>T5,各处理间差异显著;土壤中细菌数量呈逐渐上升趋势,在抽雄期为T2>T3>T1>T4>T5;土壤中放线菌数量呈先升高后回落趋势,抽雄期达到最大值为T2>T1>T3>T4>T5;土壤中真菌数量各处理趋势不同;玉米产量为T2>T3>T4>T1>T5,且配施处理和其他处理间差异显著。In order to study the effects of organic-inorganic fertilizer on microbial, enzymes and maize yield of Hailin farm, Xianfeng38P05 was used in this experiment. The results showed that soil biomass carbon at the whole growth period showed overall upward trend, at tasseling stage, the most was with 20% organic fertilizer treatment （T2）, then with 30% organic fertilizer treatment （T3）, then no fertilizer treatment （T5）, then all organic fertilizer treatment （T1）, the less was all fertilizer treatment （T4）, and there was significant difference between treatments; Soil biomass nitrogen in the whole growth period showed overall upward trend, at tasseling stage, was T2〉T3〉T4〉T1〉T5; Urease and sucrase of prepossessing soil treatment activity were higher than any other single fertilizer and no fertilizer treatment, at tasseling stage, urease activity was T3〉T2〉T1〉T5〉T4, and there was significant difference between treatments; sucrase activity was T2〉T3〉T1〉T4〉T5, and there was significant difference between treatments; The number of bacterial was growing at the whole stage, at tasseling stage, was T2〉T3〉T1〉T4〉T5; The number of actinomycetes was growing then going down,at tasseling stage, was T2〉T1〉T3〉T4〉T5;The number of fungus was not a obvious trend; The maize yield was T2〉T3〉 T4〉Tl〉T5,and there was significant difference between treatments.

关 键 词：玉米 土壤微生物 土壤酶 土壤养分 产量 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]