我国页岩气开发土地复垦制度之缺陷与矫正——基于《环境保护法》视阈  

On Defects and Correction of the Land Reclamation System of Shale Gas Exploiting in China under the Examining of Environmental Protection Law

作　　者：刘超[1] LIU Chao(School of Law,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou 362000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学法学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第4期19-28,共10页Journal of Nanjing Tech University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CFX102)

摘　　要：我国已将页岩气开发纳入国家战略性新兴产业,但页岩气开发会带来多种类型环境风险,包括特殊土地损毁问题。我国现行土地复垦制度体系是规制页岩气开发中土地损毁问题的直接法律依据,但其存在重形式标准而轻实质标准、重视土地而忽视人、重视土地复垦义务而疏忽对应法律责任制度等内生困境。2015年开始施行的修订后的《环境保护法》从立法理念到制度体系上进行了系统革新,这对具体的环境法律制度实施提出了全新要求,也为土地复垦制度体系完善提供了重要的借鉴与参考。我们应当从引入土地复垦制度的公众健康价值目标、指导思想从"恢复原状"升级到环境修复以及完善土地复垦责任制度体系等方面,矫正现行土地复垦制度的缺陷。China have included shale gas exploiting into national strategic emerging industries. However,shale gas exploiting will bring new environmental risks,including land destruction issue of a special type. China has formulated the land reclamation system and it can basically deal with land destruction issue in exploiting shale gas. However there are some problems in China＇s current land reclamation system,like the deviation in legislative purpose,value selection and guiding ideology,the omission of legal liability system of land reclamation,as well as the handicap in the funding system of land reclamation,which restrict the implementation effects of the land reclamation system. The revised Environmental Protection Law took effect in 2015,proposing a systematic innovation in legislative ideas and system,which made new requirements for the implementation of the specific environmental legal system. In order to improve the effects of land reclamation system and guarantee the healthy and orderly exploiting of shale gas,we should refine the existing land reclamation system,which mainly include：First we should develop the legislative values of land reclamation,that is to say,we should focus on both reclamation of the damaged land and relief of the public health hazard caused by damaged land. Then we should update the guiding ideology of land reclamation from ″restoration″ to environmental remediation,and emphasize various types and forms of damages caused by land destruction. In addition,the land reclamation liability system should be improved.

关 键 词：页岩气 土地损毁 土地复垦 恢复原状 环境修复 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]