重症药疹73例临床分析  

The clinical analysis of 73 cases with severe drug eruption

作　　者：廖理超[1] 胡白[1] 赵政龙[1] 张思平[1] 蒋法兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学附属省立医院、安徽省立医院皮肤科,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《中国麻风皮肤病杂志》2016年第11期661-664,共4页China Journal of Leprosy and Skin Diseases

摘　　要：目的:分析重症药疹的致敏药物及临床特点。方法:回顾性分析我科的73例重症药疹患者的临床资料。结果:73例重症药疹中66例(90.41%)可确定致敏药物,其中抗癫痫药24例(32.88%)、抗痛风药18例(24.66%)、抗菌药12例(16.44%)和解热镇痛药7例(9.59%),占所有致敏药物的83.57%;单一致敏药物中,卡马西平(12.33%)和别嘌醇(24.66%)导致的重症药疹最为多见;重症多形红斑型药疹29例(39.73%);糖皮质激素治疗重症药疹的总有效率为93.15%。结论:重症药疹最常见的致敏药物为抗癫痫药、抗痛风药、抗菌药和解热镇痛药,重症多形红斑型最常见,治疗首选糖皮质激素。Objective： To determine the sensitizing drugs to characterize and clinical features of severe drug eruption. Methods：The clinical data of the patients with severe drug eruptions in our department were analyzed retrospectively. Results： Out of 73 patients, the sensitizing drugs in 66 patients were determined （90.41%）, including antiepileptics in 24 patients （32.88%）, anti-goutdrugs in 18（24.66%）, antimicrobial in 12（16.44%） and antipyretic drugs in 7（9.59%）. accounting for 83.57% of all the sensitizing drugs. Car-bamazepine （12.33%） and allopurinol （24.66%） were the most common drugs in single sensitizing drugs. Twenty-nine patients manifested as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, accounting for 39.73% of all the patients. The effective rate of glucocorticoid treatment was 93.15%. Conclusion：The most sensitizing drugs are antiepilep-tics, anti-gout, antimicrobial and antipyretic drugs. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is the most type of severe drug eruption. Glucocorticoid should be used as the first choice in the treatment of severe drug eruptions.

关 键 词：重症药疹 致敏药物 

分 类 号：R758.25[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]