小儿外伤性骨化性肌炎的超声诊断  

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of pediatric post traumatic myositis ossificans

作　　者：许娜[1] 夏焙[1] 陶宏伟[1] 干芸根[2] 刘磊[1] 王娟[1] 刘晓[1] 石伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院超声科,518026 [2]深圳市儿童医院放射科,518026 [3]深圳市儿童医院骨科,518026

出　　处：《中华医学超声杂志（电子版）》2016年第11期821-825,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的探讨小儿外伤性骨化性肌炎(PTMO)早期和成熟期的超声影像表现及其临床意义。方法选择2014年1月至2016年5月在深圳市儿童医院确诊的7例PTMO患儿,对其临床、病理检查结果及超声表现进行分析。结果 7例患儿中5例超声检查后经手术切除获得了病理诊断(2例为早期、3例为成熟期);2例经超声和MRI或CT影像检查确诊。2例早期PTMO超声表现为外伤局部的肌间低回声,边界清,内部显示纤细高回声,未显示明显钙化;能量多普勒显示枝条状血流信号。5例成熟期PTMO超声表现为低回声团块,内部显示条带状钙化,伴后方声影;彩色多普勒血流成像局部呈稀疏点状血流信号。结论超声检查可根据肿块的声像图表现,早期识别小儿PTMO,为临床诊断和治疗提供有用的信息。Objective To investigate the characteristics and diagnostic value of ultrasonography in the early and mature stages of pediatric post traumatic myositis ossificans（PTMO） in children. Methods Ultrasonography findings of seven cases of PTMO children, examined by high frequency color Doppler ultrasound in Shenzhen Children＇s Hospital between January 2014 and May 2016, were analyzed. Results Five cases of PTMO underwent surgical resection and were diagnosed by pathology, and two cases were diagnosed by MRI and CT, respectively. In the 5 cases diagnosed by pathology, 3 cases were mature stage and 2 cases were early stage. In ultrasound, early stage PTMO（two cases） were showed as hypoechogenicity in the muscle layer with a clear margin and internal slender bar-like hyperechogenicity, without obvious calcification. Energy Doppler showed branch flow signal. In ultrasound, five cases of mature stage PTMO were showed as hypoechogenicity with internal strip calcification and sound shadow. Color Doppler flow imaging showed sparse blood flow signal. Conclusion Ultrasound can be used as the preferred imaging examination method of PTMO in children, which can provide reliable information for clinical diagnosis and treatment of PTMO.

关 键 词：超声检查 小儿 肌炎 骨化性 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R726.8[医药卫生—诊断学]