工效学措施对531名劳动者职业紧张干预效果研究  

Study on effect of ergonomics intervention measures to occupational stress of 531 workers

作　　者：李汉锋[1] 居来提.麦麦提 蒋立新[1] 郑晓钧[1] 林宝妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心职业卫生管理科,广东深圳518040 [2]喀什市疾病预防控制中心卫生科,新疆喀什地区844000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第20期2769-2772,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2012年深圳市福田区公益性科研项目(FTWS201216)

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市福田区小型制造业劳动者职业紧张人类工效学干预措施实施效果。方法对5家小型制造企业531名劳动者分别采取改变工作台作业条件(A组)、制定合理劳动作息制度(B组)两种不同人类工效学干预措施进行干预,并与271名对照组劳动者进行比较,分析干预实施效果。结果干预后,A组劳动者在干预前后职业任务、任务不适、任务冲突、工作环境、个体紧张反应、心理紧张反应、躯体紧张反应、理性处事等项目得分差值与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组劳动者在干预前后职业任务、任务模糊、任务冲突、个体紧张反应、人际紧张反应、自我保健等项目得分差值与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过人类工效学措施,合理改变劳动者工作台作业条件、生产环境条件能有效降低劳动者的职业紧张;改变劳动作息制度可引起劳动者职业紧张发生改变,合理的劳动作息制度如何影响劳动者职业紧张尚需进一步研究。[Objective]To assess the effect of ergonomics intervention measures to occupational stress of 531 workers in small manufacturing industry in Futian District of Shenzhen.[Methods]531 workers from 5 small manufacturing enterprises were given the intervention measures by changing working conditions of the worktable（group A）and making reasonable working organization system（group B）,and the effect were compared with the results of 271 workers in the control group,to analyze the implementation effect.[Results]After the intervention,there were statistically significant differences in scores of ORQ,RI,RB,PE,PSQ,PSY,IS and RC between group A and control group（P〈0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in scores of ORQ,RA,RB,PSQ,IS and SC between group B and control group（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]By the ergonomics measures,to improve worktable conditions and production environment conditions can effectively decrease the occupational stress of workers,and to change working organization system can influence the occupational stress of workers. However,how the reasonable labor organization system affects the occupational stress needs to be further studied.

关 键 词：小型制造企业 职业紧张 人类工效学 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]