2015年厦门市常规免疫接种率的评价及分析  

Evaluation and analysis of routine immunization coverage rate in Xiamen City in 2015

作　　者：谢群[1] 池益强[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第20期2831-2834,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解厦门市2015年常规免疫接种率监测工作情况,评价常规免疫接种率水平并分析原因。方法运用Excel2000进行数据分析,利用比值（R）评价法、估算接种率、差值（D）评价法对厦门市2015年常规免疫报告接种率质量进行评价。结果 2015年常规免疫报表报告完整率及及时率均为100%（72/72）;2015年厦门市疫苗报告接种率在96.57%-100%之间。R值评价市级4个R值均可信,区级可疑、不可信R值各有2个,其余R值均可信。加强免疫估算接种率,市级百白破三联疫苗、麻腮风三联疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗（DPT4、MMR、OPV4）均在95%以上,流行性乙型脑膜炎疫苗、白破二联疫苗及A＋C群流脑疫苗（JE2、DT及Men A＋C2）均未达到90%;区级疫苗加强免疫估算接种率在90%以上的包括思明区有5种疫苗,湖里区有3种疫苗,海沧区、集美区及同安区只有2种疫苗,翔安区0种疫苗。D值评价中,市级仅OPV 4的D值可信,DPT 4、MMR、JE 2及Men A＋C 1这4种疫苗D值可疑,DT和Men A＋C 2的D值不可信;区级除思明区及湖里区的DPT 4、集美区的Men A＋C 1及同安区的OPV 4的D值可信外,其他疫苗D值均为可疑或不可信。结论厦门市常规免疫接种率继续保持在较高水平,但R值评价及D值评价提示可能存在虚高现象,同时对评价方法是否适合厦门市提出思考,今后要加强对该项工作的管理与督导,探索出适合厦门市情况的疫苗接种率评价方法。[Objective]To understand the monitoring status of routine immunization coverage rate in Xiamen City in 2015,evaluate the coverage rate and analyze the causes.[Methods]The data were analyzed with Excel 2000. The quality of routine immunization coverage rate in Xiamen City in 2015 was evaluated by ratio（R）evaluation method,estimated inoculation rate,and difference（D）evaluation method.[Results]The integrity rate and timely rate of routine immunization reports in 2015 were both 100%（72/72）. The reported vaccination rates were between 96.57% and 100%. Ratio（R）evaluation showed that 4 city-level R values were dependable,2 district-level R values were dependable while 2 were not dependable,and other R values were dependable. For the estimated coverage rate of enhanced immunization,the city-level DPT4,MMR and OPV4 were higher than 95%,while JE2,DT and Men A＋C2were lower than 90%. At the district level,there were 5 vaccines which the estimated coverage rate was higher than 90% in Siming District,3 vaccines in Haicang District,2 vaccines in Jimei District and Tongan District,and no vaccine had the estimated coverage rate over 90% in Xiang＇an District. At the city level,difference（D）evaluation showed that D value of OPV4 was dependable,D values of DPT4,MMR,JE2 and Men A＋C1 were suspicious,and D values of DT and Men A＋C2 were not dependable. At the district level,D values of DPT4 in Siming District and Huli District,Men A＋C1 in Jimei District and OPV4 in Tongan District were dependable,and values of other vaccines were suspicious or not dependable.[Conclusion]The routine immunization coverage rate is satisfactory in Xiamen City. However,ratio（R）evaluation and difference（D）evaluation indicate that there may be a virtual high phenomenon,and the applicability of evaluation method in Xiamen City should be considered. In future,it is necessary to strengthen the management and supervision of the work,to explore the appropriate evaluation method for vaccine coverage rate.

关 键 词：常规免疫 接种率 评价 分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]