3种陆上拉力模拟蝶泳划臂动作上肢肌肉表面肌电特征研究  

Research on Myoelectricity's Features of Upper Limb Muscle in Butterfly Stroke Simulated by Using Three Types of Extraneous Arm-Pulling

作　　者：宋耀伟[1] 张志胜[2] 雷蕾[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院,西安710068 [2]西安电子科技大学,西安710071 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2016年第6期732-738,共7页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：西安体育学院院管课题资助项目(2014YB008)

摘　　要：目的分析陆上等动拉力、滑轮拉力、橡皮拉力,模拟蝶泳划臂动作上肢肌肉表面肌电特征,以评价不同肌肉在3种拉力方式中蝶泳划臂各动作阶段的训练效果,为科学制定游泳上肢力量训练计划提供依据。方法采用MEGWIN6000 16通道遥测肌电测试仪、索尼DCR-HC90常速摄像机、自主研制同步信号发生器,同步采集8名优秀游泳运动员表面肌电信号和运动学数据。结果 3种拉力抱水对肱桡肌、腕关节屈肌、肱二头肌和胸大肌影响较大,推水对肱三头肌、背阔肌和三角肌中束影响较大;移臂阶段差异最大,涵盖前臂、上臂和躯干肌群;肱三头肌和胸大肌在各动作阶段均存在差异。结论等动拉力在抱水和推水阶段练习效果较好,并能更多训练肱三头肌和胸大肌,对斜方肌和肱桡肌移臂阶段具有更多的训练作用;滑轮拉力在移臂阶段练习效果较好,并能更多训练背阔肌推水和移臂阶段;橡皮拉力能更好训练三角肌中束抱水阶段和背阔肌移臂阶段。Object Test and analyze the characteristics of surface electromyography of upper body muscles when athletes doing butterfly stroke simulated by isokinetic pulling, pulley pulling and rubber band pulling on land, assess the training effect of different kinds of pulling movements on butterfly stroke in different phases and to provide the basis for the scientific devel- opment of upper limb strength training program. Methods Using MEGWIN6000 16 remote myoelectric device, SONY DCR- Hcg0 constant speed cameras and synchronous signal generators to gain the statistics and characteristics of surface electro- myography of eight swimming athletes. Results All three kinds of pulling styles have effect on bachioradialis, wrist flexor, biceps and pectoralis major in holing water phase, while the latissimus dorsi and triceps, deltoid muscle in the beam are mostly affected in water pushing phase. Arm moves have lots of differences, including forearm, upper arm and trunk mus- cles. Conclusions Isokinetic pulling training is usually used to train the trapezius and brachioradialis muscle for arm moves, pulley pulling training is usually used to train latissimus dorsi for pushing water and arm moves, rubber band pulling training is better to be used to train deltoid muscle bundles in holding water phase and latissimus dorsi in arm moves. Triceps brachii and pectoralis major have many differences, they can be better trained using Isokinetic pulling training.

关 键 词：陆上拉力训练 模拟蝶泳 划臂动作 表面肌电 

分 类 号：G861.146[文化科学—体育训练]