胶济铁路与“高密之变”  

The Qingdao-Jinan Railway and Gaomi Uprising

作　　者：万素文 

出　　处：《走向世界》2016年第B11期96-100,共5页Openings

摘　　要：1899年9月开始修筑的胶济铁路东起青岛,西抵济南,是山东省境内的第一条铁路,也是全国最早的铁路之一。胶济铁路是伴随着山东人民屈辱的泪水修建而成的。1897年11月,地处鲁西南的巨野县磨盘张庄的乡民杀死了两名作恶多端的德国传教士,发生了历史上著名的＂巨野教案＂。觊觎山东已久的德帝国主义以此为借口,于们月14日派军舰占领了胶州湾并登陆占领了清军设在胶州湾边的驻防地胶澳即现在的青岛市区。1898年3月,在德帝国主义的威逼之下,清廷在北京签订了丧权辱国的《胶澳租借条约》。The Qingdao-Jinan Railway,which started to build in September 1899,is the first railway to be built in Shandong,and one of the first to be built in China.The railway was built by Shandongers in humiliated tears.In November 1897,a villager,who lived in Mopan Zhangzhuang Village,Juye County,killed 2 vicious German missionaries.The killing is well-known in history as Juye incident.Under the pretext of the killing,Germany,who had been craving for Shandong for long,on November 14 dispatched a fleet and captured Jiao'ao(now called Qindao).In March 1898,Qin Dynasty government was intimidated by Germany into signing the humiliating Treaty of Leasing Jiao'ao.After the signing of Treaty of Leasing Jiao'ao,Germany began the preparation for the Qingdao-Jinan Railway,the first railway in Shandong.The construction of the railway triggered conflict with locals and gave rise to an uprising(called Gaomi uprising in history).The uprising,which broke out at Gaomi and was led by a Gaomi farmer called Sun Wen with the aim of disrupting the railway construction and driving foreign invaders out of China,stopped the railway construction for a year.The uprising played an important role in not only Gaomi's antiimperialist but also Shandong's anti-imperialist.

关 键 词：胶澳 胶州湾 巨野教案 青岛市区 山东人民 鲁西南 山东巡抚 陆路交通 土地投资 征用土地 

分 类 号：F532.3[经济管理—产业经济]