海口市2008--2015年手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiologic features of hand-foot-mouth disease in Haikou city from 2008 to 2015

作　　者：林春燕[1,3] 王明昌[1,3] 曾小平[1,3] 邝仕壮[2] 林先博 Lin Chunyan Wang Mingchang Zeng Xiaoping Kuang Shizhuang Lin Xianbo(Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Department （Lin CY, Wang MC, Zeng XP, Lin XB）, Microbial Laboratory （Kuang SZ）, Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Monitoring and Early Warning （Haikou） Research Base of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention （Lin CY, Wang MC, Zeng XP）, Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Haikou 571100. China)

机构地区：[1]海口市疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制科,571100 [2]海口市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,571100 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病监测预警重点实验室(海口)研究基地

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2016年第12期1615-1618,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的 分析2008-2015年海口市手足口病流行病学特征。方法 用描述性流行病学方法对2008-2015年海口市手足口病发病资料和病原学检测情况资料进行统计分析。结果 2008-2015年海口市共报告手足口病71 611例，其中报告重症病例728例，重症百分比为1.02%。年平均发病率为 458.89/10万，年发病率总体呈上升趋势。死亡11例，年均死亡率为0.07/10万。发病高峰在4-7月和9-11月。病例以≤5岁儿童为主，占总病例数的95.78%；1～岁组发病率（12 881.24/10万）最高；男性报告发病率高于女性。全市4个区均有病例报告，病例主要为散居儿童，占报告总病例数的79.89%。引起手足口病流行的病原为肠道病毒71型（EV71）、柯萨奇病毒A组16型（Cox A16）及其他肠道病毒，2011年后呈现交替流行态势。结论 海口市是我国手足口病高发地区，近年发病率呈现上升趋势，应加强监测、传染源管理、健康教育以及重点人群的综合防控。Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Haikou city from 2008 to 2015. Methods Descriptive methods on epidemiology and detection on pathogens were conducted in Haikou city from 2008 to 2015. Results A total of 71 611 patients were diagnosed as HFMD in Haikou city from 2008 to 2015, including 728 severe cases, accounting for 1.02% among all the cases. The average annual incidence was 458.89/100 000. A total of 11 deaths were caused by the disease, with the average annual mortality rate as 0.07/100 000. Two peaks of incidence were seen, from April to July and from September to November. Age of the patients mainly fell in children aged 5 and below, taking up 95.78% of the total cases. Among all the patients, 1-year-olds presented the highest incidence as 12 881.24/100 000. The reported incidence for males was higher than that in females. There were 4 districts in Haikou city that reported the disease. Residential areas of the patients were scattered around, with a percentage of 79.89%. Spectrums of pathogens that causing the prevalence of HFMD were EV71 type, Cox A16 type and other enteroviruses, which prevailing in turns, since 2011. Conclusions Haikou city had been an area with high incidence of HFMD. The incidence started to show a rising trend recently. It is suggested that programs as surveillance, case management, health education and comprehensive prevention and control of disease on HFMD targeting on key population should be intensively implemented to reduce the mortality of the disease.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 病原学监测 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]