肥液浓度对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响  

Transport Characteristics of Water and Nitrogen under Bubbled-Root Irrigation with Fertilizer Solution

作　　者：刘显[1] 费良军[1] 刘扬[1] 王昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第5期166-170,176,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279157;51479161);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAD29B04);陕西省科技计划资助项目(2011k01-22)

摘　　要：为了提高涌泉根灌水肥的利用效率,采用室内土箱入渗试验,探究了不同肥液浓度(0,15,30,60g/L)条件下湿润锋运移、土壤水分及氮素分布的规律。结果表明:入渗相同时间时,随着肥液浓度的增大,湿润锋运移距离、湿润体内相同节点处的土壤含水率、铵态氮及硝态氮质量分数均增大;湿润锋运移距离与入渗时间具有显著的幂函数关系,其决定系数均达到0.99;随着肥液入渗再分布的进行,湿润体内含水率分布更加均匀,最大含水率位置下移,铵态氮量逐渐减小,再分布5d湿润体内硝态氮量达到最大值;硝态氮运移规律和水分相似,易随水分流失。该研究成果为进一步研究涌泉根灌水氮高效利用技术奠定了基础。To improve the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of bubbled-root irrigation,the indoor infiltration experiment was conducted to explore the bubbled-root irrigation wetting front movement and soil moisture and nitrogen distribution rules at different fertilizer solution concentration criteria.Results showed that same infiltration time,with the increase of the fertilizer concentration,the wetting front migration distance and the soil water content at the same location in the wet body and the mass fraction of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen increased.The relationship between wetting front migration distance and infiltration time was a power function and the coefficient of determination reached 0.99.With the distribution of fertilizer solution infiltration,wet body achieved a sense of stability,uniform moisture content distribution,moisture content of peak position went down gradually.The amount of ammonium nitrogen decreased gradually and the maximum value of nitrate nitrogen was reached in 5days moist body.Nitrate nitrogen migration regularity and moisture was consistent,along with the moisture loss.The above research results could lay the foundation for further research on efficient bubbled-root irrigation technology of using water and nitrogen.

关 键 词：涌泉根灌 肥液浓度 土壤入渗 氮素运移 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]