自然条件下土壤沉降量与土壤容重、地表糙度间的变化关系  

The Relationship between Soil Settlement and Soil Bulk Density and Surface Roughness under Natural Conditions

作　　者：柴晶[1] 王全九[1,2] 刘艳丽[1] 张鹏宇[1] 赵光旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安710048 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第5期261-265,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239009);陕西省水利专项支撑计划(2012slkj-04,2013slkj-04)

摘　　要：为了研究自然条件下土壤沉降量与土壤容重、地表糙度间的变化关系。通过钢尺法、环刀法、链条法测定了自然条件下不同质地的土壤在平翻耕和垄作条件下的土壤沉降量、土壤容重、地表糙度,分析了土壤沉降量、土壤容重、地表糙度的变化规律以及土壤沉降量与土壤容重、地表糙度间的变化关系。结果表明:(1)在一定的降雨动能的条件下,土壤的沉降量随降雨动能的累计总体呈减小的趋势,且垄作措施下土壤的沉降量均不小于平翻耕措施下的土壤沉降量;(2)翻耕后的土壤的容重随时间变化呈先增大后趋于原状土容重的变化趋势;(3)垄作条件下的地表糙度总体呈减小趋势,且壤土的地表糙度始终大于砂土的地表糙度;(4)土壤的沉降量与容重的变化量间存在较好的指数相关关系,且相关系数均高于0.9;土壤的沉降量与地表糙度的变化量符合幂函数相关关系,其中砂土的地表糙度变化量与沉降量的相关性较壤土高相关系数分别为0.993和0.936。这些研究结果对于预测自然条件下翻耕土壤的紧实程度,地表平整度有一定的参考价值。In order to study the relationships between soil settlement and soil bulk density and surface roughness under natural conditions.This paper used ruler,ring sampler and a chain to determine soil settlement,soil bulk density,surface roughness degree of different soil textures in turned over tillage and ridge culture under natural conditions and analyzed soil bulk density,the changes of surface roughness degree and the relationship between soil settlement quantity and soil bulk density,surface roughness degree under different soil textures with tillage measures were not homogeneous soil subsidence,and constructed the soil bulk density and surface roughness prediction formula.The results showed that：（1）With rainfall energy accumulated,the soil settlement decreased under certain rainfall energy conditions.And the soil settlement under ridge tillage were not less than the soil settlement under flatten culture.（2）Soil bulk density increased after reaching to natural soil bulk density with different levels.（3）Surface roughness under the condition of ridge tillage decreased.And the surface roughness of loam soil was not always less than the surface roughness of sandy soil.（4）A good exponential relationship between soil settlement and variation of soil bulk density,the correlation coefficient more than 0.9.Soil settlement and the variation of surface roughness fitted power function relationship,where the correlation of sand than loam was higher,the correlation coefficients were 0.993,0.936 respectively.These research results offered a reference for prediction soil compaction degree,surface smooth degree under natural conditions and tillage.

关 键 词：降雨 沉降量 容重 地表糙度 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]