2012年北京市房山区常住人口脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体分析  

Analysis of Antibodies of Poliviruses in Persistent Populations in Fangshan District,Beijing

作　　者：孟毅[1] 吴涛[1] 黄少平[1] 周伟[1] 高美丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心,北京102488

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2016年第12期1247-1251,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2011D003034000008)

摘　　要：目的调查北京市房山区常住人口脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体水平。方法用容量比例概率抽样法(probability proportion to size,pps)在房山区随机选取10个村居委会,在当地连续居住6个月以上的10个年龄组人群作为研究对象,共260人。采用调查问卷收集研究对象人口学特征、脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)免疫史等信息,并采集静脉血5 ml,使用微量中和试验方法检测脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体。对不同组别间抗体阳性率和几何平均滴度(geometric mean titer,GMT)进行比较。结果脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率分别为99.62%(259/260)、97.31%(253/260)、97.69%(254/260),抗体GMT分别为1∶50.58、1∶53.21、1∶37.26。<15岁人群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率均为100%,均高于≥15岁人群。<15岁人群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体GMT远高于≥15岁人群,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体GMT在平原地区人群中最高,在山区最低,地区间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同免疫史人群三型抗体GMT差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 2012年北京市房山区健康人群脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体水平处于较高水平,特别是15岁以下免疫覆盖人群,建立了稳固的免疫屏障,可有效阻断输入性脊髓灰质炎野病毒及疫苗衍生病毒的传播。Objective To analyze the polio immunity level of persistent population in Fangshan district of Beijing. Methods The persons who had been living for over 6 months in Beijing were recruited for this study. Probability proportion to size （pps） sample methods was used to select 260 objects from 10 age groups. Demographic characteristics, history of oral poliovirus vaccine （OPV） immunization were investigated by questionnaire. All 5 ml blood sample of each subject were collected for testing Polio neutralizing antibody using the method of microcell neutralization. The positive rate and the geometric mean titer （GMT） of polio neutralizing antibody type Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ were analyzed in different groups. Results The positive rate of type Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 99.62% （259/260） , 97.31% （253/260）, 97.69% （254/260） respectively; The GMT were 1：50. 58, 1：53.21, 1 ： 37.26. Three types of positive rates in 〈 15 years group were 100% , which were higher than those of ≥ 15 years group. The CMT in 〈 15 years group were significantly higher than those of ≥ 15 years group （ all the values of P were highest 〈0.01）. in populati from Mountainous, the values of P 〈 0. 01 ）. types were statistically The GMT of type Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ on from plain, lowest in population difference was significant （all the The differences in significant （ P 〈 0.0 GMT 1） in of Three different immunization history people. Conclusion The polio antibody of healthy population was at a high level in Fangshan district in 2012, especially the age groups of 〈 15 years which were covered by vaccines. Immunization barrier had been formed firmly to interrupt the transmission of wild poliovirus and vaccine - derived poliovirus.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎病毒 抗体 中和 免疫 阳性率 几何平均滴度 

分 类 号：R512.4[医药卫生—内科学]