四川省儿童乙脑发病影响因素病例对照研究  

A Case-control Study on Affect Factors of Japanese Encephalitis Incidence in Children in Sichuan Province

作　　者：周兴余[1] 张立泉[2] 蔡云山[3] 唐伟[4] 刘伦光[1] 刘学成[1] 李帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041 [2]巴中市疾病预防控制中心 [3]广安市疾病预防控制中心 [4]南充市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2016年第12期1307-1310,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解四川省近年乙脑高发地区报告乙脑病例的疫苗接种情况及乙脑发病影响因素,以指导四川省乙脑的预防控制。方法收集2013年3个乙脑高发地区报告的乙脑实验室诊断病例和当地的健康儿童信息,进行病例对照研究。结果共调查到54例病例和160例对照,病例组和对照组疫苗接种率有统计学意义(P<0.05),未全程接种疫苗原因中,病例组认为不需要接种为主要原因(26.3%)。对照组以不到接种年龄和随父母外出务工,未及时注射为主要原因(29.2%)。夏天黄昏后经常户外活动,家中养猪为危险因素。接种疫苗、儿童房间使用蚊帐或空调为保护性因素。结论疫苗接种仍然是防止儿童乙脑发病的主要措施,应加强乙脑疫苗接种及查漏补种工作,同时加大农村群众宣传教育,在夏季对儿童做好防蚊灭蚊措施对防范儿童乙脑发病也不可忽视。Objective To provide evidence for Japanese Encephalitis （JE） prevention and control in Sichuan province by analyzing JE vaccination and main risk factors in the high attack districts in the past years. Meth- ods A case -control study was conducted by collecting the information of JE cases of laboratory diagnosis reported in 2013 in three JE high incidence areas of Sichuan province, and the information of children came from the same living place with the case. Results 54 cases and 160 controls were surveyed, the vaccine coverage difference between the case group and the control group was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. As for the reason of not fully vaccinated, lack of awareness of vaccination was the main reason in the case group, accounting for 26.3%. While less than vaccination age and going out with their parents were the main reason for failingto timely injection in the control group, accounting for 29.2%. Frequent outdoor activities after dusk and pigs domestication were risk factors. Vaccination, children＇s use of mosquito nets and air conditioning room were protective factors. Conclusion Vaccination is still the major measure to prevent children JE. Vaccine immuniza tion and leak seeding work should be strengthened, at the same time children JE mosquito control measures for preventing incidence also cannot be ignored in summer

关 键 词：儿童 乙型脑炎 影响因素 病例对照分析 

分 类 号：R512.32[医药卫生—内科学]