CO_2应用于我国工商制冷行业的适用性研究  

Applicability Research on CO_2 Application in Chinese Industrial and Commercial Refrigeration Industry

作　　者：史敏[1] 贾磊[1] 张秀平[1] 吴俊峰[1] 李炅[1] 钟瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥通用机械研究院压缩机技术国家重点实验室,合肥230031

出　　处：《制冷学报》2016年第6期97-103,共7页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：CO2是我国工商制冷行业HCFCs淘汰管理计划中明确的替代品之一,本文从技术标准、性能测试、替代成本、市场前景等方面对天然制冷剂CO2应用于工商制冷行业的适用性进行分析,结果表明：国内外相关标准认为CO2理论上可以适用于所有类型的制冷系统应用,但在充注量方面需规避泄漏窒息的风险;CO2热泵热水器在超低温工况和GB/T 21362—2008名义工况下的COP比R410A热泵热水器分别高7.9%和10.7%,CO2冷风机蒸发器比传统产品在性能上具有一定的优势;CO2热泵系统替代R22系统的成本会增加1～2倍,CO2冷冻冷藏系统替代R22系统的成本会增加20%～30%;CO2在工商制冷行业的热泵热水机和冷冻冷藏设备领域具有较好的应用潜力,但还需在制冷循环效率提升、高效部件开发、高压运行安全性保障等方面开展深入的工作。CO2 is a HCFCs substitution in HPMP of industrial and commercial refrigeration （ICR） sector in China. In this paper, the applicability of natural refrigerant CO2 application in ICR is analyzed by standards, testing, replacement cost and market prospect. The conclusion indicates that ： 1 ） based on the leaking and suffocation risk charging limit, COs can be used in all refrigeration systems theoretically in relevant standards; 2） under ultra-low temperature condition and nominal condition in GB/T 21362-2008, the COP of CO2 heat pump water heater is 7.9% and 10.7% higher than R410A unit, and the performance of COs air-cooler evaporator is better than traditional unit; 3） the replacement cost from R22 heat pump and refrigeration system to CO2 system will increase 100% -200% and 20% - 30% , respectively ; 4 ） CO2 has well application potential in heat pump water heater and refrigeration equipment area of ICR, but the refrigeration cycle efficiency promotion, high efficiency components development and operation security protection under high pressure need further research.

关 键 词：天然制冷剂 热泵热水机 冷冻冷藏设备 性能系数 CO2 适用性 

分 类 号：TB64[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TQ051.5[化学工程]