高水压富水区裂隙岩体隧道渗流场的特征  

Characteristics of Seepage Field of Fractured Rock Mass Tunnel in High Water Pressure and Rich Water Zone

作　　者：高新强[1,2] 艾旭峰 孔超[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,河北石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学道路与铁道工程安全保障省部共建教育部重点实验室,河北石家庄050043 [3]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031 [4]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2016年第6期42-49,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51378321);国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金重点资助项目(U1434206);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2014210131)

摘　　要：采用三维离散元软件3DEC,建立裂隙岩体隧道渗流分析数值模型,分析高水压富水区裂隙岩体隧道施工过程中渗流场的特征,以及围岩裂隙宽度、注浆圈厚度等渗透参数对隧道渗流场影响的规律。结果表明:隧道未开挖时的初始渗流场为静水场;未注浆时开挖隧道,对渗流场影响显著,由于地下水大量流失,隧道上部地下水的水位面明显下降;注浆后开挖隧道,只对注浆圈内的渗流场影响显著,渗水量仅约为注浆前的1/1 660;施作喷混凝土后,对渗流场的影响范围为注浆圈及喷混凝土层,渗水量约为施作前的3/5;施作二次衬砌后,喷混凝土层内的水压力变化范围有所增大,而注浆圈内的水压力变化范围相应减小,渗水量约为施作前的7/10;喷混凝土层背后的水压力及渗水量均随着围岩裂隙宽度、注浆圈等效渗透系数的增加而增加,均随着注浆圈厚度的增加而减小;喷混凝土层背后的水压力随着喷混凝土渗透系数的增加而减小,渗水量随着喷混凝土渗透系数的增加而增大。Numerical model for the seepage analysis of fractured rock mass tunnel was established by threedimensional discrete element software 3DEC to analyze the characteristics of seepage field during the construction of fractured rock mass tunnel in high water pressure and rich water zone tunnel as well as the influence laws on the seepage field exerted by such seepage parameters as the fracture width of surrounding rock,the thickness of grouting circle and so on.Results show that the initial seepage field is hydrostatic pressure field before the tunnel being excavated.The excavation of the tunnel without grouting has significant effect on seepage field,which causes great loss in groundwater and results in the dramatic drop of the groundwater level above tunnel.When the tunnel is excavated after grouting,the affected seepage field is only in grouting circle region,and the seepage quantity is about 1/1 660 of that without grouting.After shotcrete,the influence scope of seepage field is grouting circle and shotcrete layer,and the seepage quantity is about 3/5of that before shotcrete.After secondary lining,the variation range of water pressure increases in shotcrete layer and decreases correspondingly in grouting circle,the seepage quantity is about7/10 of that before secondary lining.Both the water pressure and seepage quantity on the contact surface between shotcrete layer and surrounding rock increase with the increase of the fracture width of surrounding rock and the equivalent permeability coefficient of grouting circle,and both decrease with the increase of the thickness of grouting circle.With the increase of the permeability coefficient of shotcrete,the water pressure behind shotcrete layer decreases but the seepage quantity increases.

关 键 词：隧道渗流场 高水压富水区 裂隙岩体 水压力 渗水量 渗透参数 

分 类 号：U452.11[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]