第二军医大学附属长征医院常见病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution of common pathogens and resistance analysis in a tertiary hospital

作　　者：宫丽[1,2] 陈万生[1] 陶霞[1] 侯幸赟[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学附属长征医院药材科,上海200003 [2]解放军411医院药学科,上海200081

出　　处：《药学实践杂志》2016年第6期563-566,共4页Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice

基　　金：上海市临床药学重点专科建设项目

摘　　要：目的分析第二军医大学附属长征医院2014年临床分离病原菌的细菌分布及耐药情况,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供参考。方法常规方法进行细菌培养,使用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK-2全自动细菌分析仪进行病原菌鉴定及药敏分析,使用WHO NET 5.5软件进行数据统计处理。结果 G^-菌占78.09%;G^+菌占21.91%。肺炎克雷伯杆菌检出率最高,为16.07%,较高的依次为大肠杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌,检出率分别为12.75%、12.69%、10.91%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出101株,检出率42.8%;耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)检出152株,检出率75.62%。金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌对万古霉素和利奈唑胺的耐药率均为0,屎肠球菌对万古霉素和利奈唑胺的耐药率分别为5.5%和0。急救科是病原菌的主要来源科室,主要病原菌在院内分布较广。结论应高度重视细菌耐药情况,结合细菌谱及耐药性合理选用抗菌药物,减少耐药菌株的产生。Objective To analyse the distribution of main pathogens and drug resistance in a tertiary hospital during 2014 ,and to provide the reference for the clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents .Methods Conventional methods were used for bacterial culture ,VITEK-2 automatic detection system of French BioMerieux company was used for bacteria identifica-tion ,and bacterial resistance analysis ,and WHO NET 5 .5 software was used for data analysis .Results Gram negative bacte-ria accounted for 78 .09% ;Gram positive bacteria accounted for 21 .91% .K lebsiella pneumoniae detection rate was the high-est ,that is 16 .07% ,followed by EscherichiaColi （12 .75% ） ,Bauman Acinetobacter （12 .69% ） and Pseudomonas aeruginosa （10 .91% ） .The resistant rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）was 42 .8% （101） ,and the resistant rate of methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci （MRCNS） was 75 .62% （152） .Resistant rates of Staphylococcus au-reus ,both coagulase negative staphylococcus and enterococcus faecalis to vancomycin and linezolid were zero .Resistant rates of enterococcus faecium to vancomycin and linezolid were 5 .5% and zero respectively .Pathogens were detected mainly in emer-gency department ,and the main pathogens were widely distributed .Conclusion Conducting monitoring of bacterial drug re-sistance and grasping the change trend of drug resistance have important significance to guide clinical rational drug use .

关 键 词：抗菌药物 细菌分布 耐药性分析 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]