有序介孔碳材料的软模板合成、结构改性与功能化  

Soft-Templated Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Materials:Synthesis,Structural Modification and Functionalization

作　　者：刘丹[1] 胡艳艳[1] 曾超[1] 屈德宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学化学化工与生命科学学院化学系,武汉430070

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2016年第12期2826-2840,共15页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21401145;11474226)资助项目~~

摘　　要：有序介孔碳材料在吸附、分离、催化以及能量存储/转化等方面具有广阔的应用前景。相较于复杂的硬模板路线,基于两亲性嵌段共聚物和聚合物前驱体间(如酚醛树脂)自组装的软模板路线是合成有序介孔碳材料更为有效的方法。本文讨论比较了溶剂挥发诱导自组装法、水相协同自组装法和无溶剂法等三种典型软模板路线的基本过程和特点,并介绍了近年来在新型碳前驱体应用、介孔碳的结构改性和功能化等方面的一些重要进展,最后总结了介孔碳的合成研究中所需解决的关键问题。Ordered mesoporous carbon materials （OMCs） have potentially broad applications in many fields, such as adsorption, separation, catalysis, and energy storage/conversion. Compared with the elaborate hardtemplate strategy, the soft-template approach, which is based on the self-assembly between amphiphilic block copolymers and polymerizable precursors （e.g., phenolic resins）, is a more effective and efficient method for the synthesis of OMCs. In this review, the mechanism and characteristics for three main soft-template methods, i.e., solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly synthesis, aqueous cooperative self-assembly synthesis and solvent-free synthesis, are discussed and compared. In addition, a few highlights of recent progress, including application of novel carbon precursors, structural modification and functionalization of OMCs, are outlined. Finally, we summarize the crucial issues to be addressed in developing the synthesis methodology of OMCs.

关 键 词：有序介孔材料 多孔碳 嵌段共聚物 软模板 自组装 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工] TB383.4[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]