细颗粒物及污染气体对大鼠喉黏膜的急性损伤  

PM_(2.5) and polluted gas exposure-induced acute injury in rats′ larynx membrane

作　　者：范欣[1] 丁文军[2] 王刚[3] 张驰[1] 陈娜[1] 韩浩伦[3] 吴继华[4] 段瑞[4] 王慧芳[4] 范学姣 吴玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学解放军306医院教学医院,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学生命科学学院 [3]解放军306医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 [4]解放军306医院病理科

出　　处：《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2016年第23期1876-1880,共5页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head And Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的:研究严重大气污染暴露下细颗粒物及污染气体对大鼠喉黏膜的急性损伤情况。方法:将15只健康SPF级SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、气体暴露组和细颗粒物+气体暴露组。正常对照组为不做任何暴露处理的健康SPF级大鼠,气体暴露组的大鼠在A暴露舱中暴露于滤过了颗粒物后的气体污染物,细颗粒物+气体暴露组的大鼠在B暴露舱中暴露于细颗粒物及气体污染物,2个实验组的暴露时间均为6d。在2个实验组大鼠结束暴露后同时对3组大鼠取材。经苏木精-伊红染色后在光镜下观察大鼠喉部黏膜细胞的一般形态结构,采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测大鼠喉部黏膜IL-1β的表达情况,透射电镜下观察细胞超微结构的改变。结果:苏木精-伊红染色显示正常对照组大鼠喉黏膜细胞无明显异常,而2个实验组的大鼠喉黏膜有不同程度的细胞增生、细胞的极性发生改变。免疫组织化学的结果:正常对照组未见明显的IL-1β阳性表达,2个实验组的大鼠喉黏膜在暴露后IL-1β的表达均为阳性。对细胞的超微结构进行观察,发现正常对照组无明显异常,2个实验组的大鼠部分喉黏膜细胞中出现细胞核形态不规则、线粒体空泡化等损伤。结论:大鼠在严重污染大气中的细颗粒物及污染气体中暴露6d,其喉黏膜可发生急性损伤。Objective：To study acute injury of rat＇ s larynx membrane which were exposured to PM2.5 and pol- luted gas in serious air pollution. Method： Rats were divided into 3 groups of 5 animals each, the normal control group, gas exposured group, PM2.5 ＋gas exposured group. The control group served as the normal healthy control, rats of the gas exposured group had been exposured polluted gas in the A cabin, rats of PM2.5 ＋gas expo- sured group had been exposured PM2.5 and polluted gas in the B cabin. The total exposure time was six days. We collected specimen from 3 groups immediately after exposure. Histopathological changes in the rat＇s larynx mem- brane were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining（ HE）, the expression of IL-1β in laryngeal mucous mem- brane were assessed using immunohistochemical staining（IHC）, and the ultrastructure changes were observed under TEM. Result： HE staining showed the rat＇s laryngeal mucosa cells in the normal control group had no obvious abnormalities, laryngeal mucosa of rats in the two experimental group had different degrees of cell proliferation, cell polarity change, etc. IHC staining showed that there＇s no obvious expression of IL-1β in laryngeal mucous membrane in the normal control group, and positive expression in the two experimental group. TEM showed the control group had no obvious abnormalities, the laryngeal mucosa cells in the two groups of experimental groups had been found irregular nucleus and damaged mitochondria. Conclusion： Exposed to PM2.5 and polluted gas in severe atmospheric pollution 6 days, the acute damage in rats laryngeal mucosa can be observed.

关 键 词：大鼠 喉黏膜 细颗粒物 污染气体 白细胞介素-1Β 超微结构 

分 类 号：R767[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]