人民治理黄河70年水土保持效益分析  

Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Benefits of Yellow River Management in Recent 70 Years

作　　者：高健翎[1] 高云飞[1] 岳本江[1] 徐佳[1] 张建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河上中游管理局,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第12期20-23,共4页Yellow River

摘　　要：人民治黄70年来,黄河流域各省(区)开展了大规模的水土保持工作。在《人民治黄五十年水土保持效益分析》的基础上,采用统计调查与典型分析相结合、宏观研究与微观研究相结合的方法,从水土保持的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益三个层面,对人民治黄近20 a来的水土保持效益进行了全面分析评价。结果表明:截至2015年底,国家和各省(区)在黄河流域水土保持投资累计达502.48亿元,水土保持措施累计保存面积21.84万km^2,修建淤地坝5.84万座,累计保土量193.54亿t。按2015年价格折算,累计实现经济效益1.42万亿元,其中直接经济效益1.18万亿元。水土保持有效遏制了水土流失,拦减了入黄泥沙量,减少了下游河道淤积;改善了生态环境,提高了农业产量、增加了农民收入,显著推动了区域社会经济发展和进步。Since the Yellow River management by the people for 70 years,large-scale water and soil conservation work has been carried out by the provinces in the Yellow River basin. In order to systematically summarize the basic experiences and great achievements,and promote the scientific development of soil and water conservation work,based on the achievements of ' Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Benefits of the Yellow River Management for 50 years',this study deeply investigated and attempted to find out the actual situation,with the methods of combining statistical survey and typical analysis,macro and micro research. The benefits of soil and water conservation in the past20 years were analyzed and evaluated comprehensively from the economic,social and ecological aspects. The results show that the national and provincial accumulative investments in soil and water conservation have reached 50.248 billion yuan,the effective preserved area of soil and water conservation measures is 218.4 thousand km^2,the number of warping dams has reached 58.4 thousand and the accumulative soil conservation amount is up to 19.354 billion tons by the end of 2015. According to the price in 2015,the accumulative achieved economic benefit is up to 14.2 trillion yuan,including 11.8 trillion yuan of direct economic benefit. Water and soil conservation measures has effectively contained water loss and soil erosion,reduced the sediment loads into the Yellow River and the sediment deposition in the downstream channel bed,improved the ecological environment,increased the agricultural production and income of farmers,and significantly promoted the regional social economic development.

关 键 词：人民治黄 水土保持 效益分析 黄河 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学] TV882.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]