有限元法在腰椎生物力学应用中的研究进展和展望  

Research Progress and Prospect of Applications of Finite Element Method in Lumbar Spine Biomechanics

作　　者：张振军[1,2] 李阳[1,2] 廖振华[1,3] 刘伟强[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,北京100084 [3]深圳清华大学研究院生物医用材料及植入器械重点实验室,深圳518057

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2016年第6期1196-1202,共7页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：深圳市科技计划基础研究资助项目(JCYJ20151030160526024);深圳市公共技术服务平台资助项目(SMJKPT20140417010001)

摘　　要：本文基于有限元分析在脊柱生物力学应用中的背景和意义,回顾了有限元法在腰椎力学应用中的研究进展,并对其应用前景进行了展望。本文重点归纳整理了有限元法在腰椎本体建模、临床应用研究和职业损伤防护等方面的研究进展,得出有限元法在腰椎生物力学应用中的主要研究方向:建模过程的精细化、仿真方法的更优化、适用临床评估的多样化和人工腰椎间盘的临床化。最后结合最新的研究进展和热点方向,对有限元法在腰椎建模的自动化和个性化、新型术式的评估和分析、损伤机理和动态响应仿真等方面的应用前景进行了展望。本文通过对有限元法在腰椎生物力学领域中的应用研究进行回顾和展望,以期为临床腰椎问题提供更加全面系统的理论参考和实践指导。Based on the application of finite element analysis in spine biomechanics, the research progress of finite element method applied in lumbar spine mechanics is reviewed and the prospect is forecasted. The related works, including lumbar ontology modeling, clinical application research, and occupational injury and protection, are summarized. The main research areas of finite element method are as follows： new accurate modeling process, the optimized simulation method, diversified clinical effect evaluation, and the clinical application of artificial lumbar disc. According to the recent research progress, the application prospects of finite element method, such as automation and individuation of modeling process, evaluation and analysis of new operation methods and simulation of mechanical damage and dynamic response, are discussed. The purpose of this paper is to provide the theoretical reference and practical guidance for the clinical lumbar problems by reviewing the application of finite element method in the field of the lumbar spine biomechanics.

关 键 词：有限元法 腰椎 生物力学 融合术 人工腰椎间盘置换 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学] R318.01[医药卫生—外科学]