碳纳米管基杂化涂层的自组装构筑及对棉织物阻燃性能的影响  

Improvement of Flame Retardant Property of Cotton Fabric by Construction of Carbon Nanotube-based Hybrid Coating via Self-assembly

作　　者：王艳艳[1,2] 方飞[3] 丁欣[1] 陈小璇[1,2] 郑康[1] 陈林[1] 田兴友[1] 张献[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院应用技术研究所,合肥230088 [2]中国科学技术大学,合肥230026 [3]中国科学院等离子体物理研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《高分子学报》2016年第12期1695-1703,共9页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号51303182)资助项目

摘　　要：采用层层自组装技术在棉织物表面构筑了聚六亚甲基胍磷酸盐(PHMGP)/聚磷酸铵(APP)/PHMGP/海藻酸钾(PA)-碳纳米管(CNT)四分子层构成的有机-无机杂化膜,赋予了棉织物良好的防火性能.傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外-可见光谱的结果表明,自组装涂层在棉织物上近似呈现线性生长.绝缘电测量显示,由于在纤维上形成了致密的CNT导电网络结构,棉织物经10层自组装涂层处理后电阻率大幅度下降,从1.8×1010Ω·cm降低到9.1×104Ω·cm,导电性能有了较大幅度的改善.所有织物样品的热性能和燃烧测试结果均表明,该自组装涂层赋予了棉织物良好的阻燃性能.随着涂层层数的增加,残炭量大幅度增加,燃烧时间逐渐减少,燃烧后的余焰现象消失,同时织物仍然保持完整的结构.残炭的扫描电镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱的结果证实,棉织物上的阻燃增强效应归因于膨胀阻燃涂层与CNT物理阻隔层的协同热屏障作用.Based on polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate（PHMGP）/ammonium polyphosphate（APP）/PHMGP/potassium alginate（PA）-carbon nanotube（CNT）,a unique quadlayer（QL） hybrid organicinorganic film is built via layer-by-layer self-assembly to protect cotton fabric from fire. Fourier Transform Infrared and Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy indicate that PHMGP,APP,PA and CNT respectively grow linearly during the assembly process. Insulation resistance measurement reveals that,because of the crosslinked CNT network formed in assembly coating on fiber,10 QL coating makes a decrease by orders of magnitude,from 1. 8 × 10^10Ω·cm to 9. 1 × 10^4Ω·cm,in the electrical resistivity of cotton fabric,which implies that the electrical conductivity of cotton has been improved greatly. Characterizations of thermal and combustion behaviors for all fabrics show that QL coating performs an excellent flame retardant effect on cotton,which is stronger than that of PHMGP/APP bilayer coating（P/A）. P/A coating has stronger catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of the cotton with respect to the QL coating of equal weight. This can be confirmed by the lower T-5%and Tmax1. However,the QL coated fabric shows higher Tmax2 and more left residue as compared to the corresponding P/A coated fabric,indicating the formation of more thermally stable char by the combination of PA-CNT with PHMGP/APP intumescent system. With increasing quadlayers coated on fabric,the burning time reduces gradually,and afterglow phenomenon disappears as well. Additionally,the coated fabric also leaves more unburned area and residual char with intact structure after combustion. Undeformed fibers are observed in 10 and 20 QL after burning,and numerous small bubbles appear on their residual fiber surfaces,indicating the formation of abundant expansion char during burning. It can also be seen that CNTs in the residue form a cross-linking network char on the fiber surface. This cross-linked network inhibits the inflation of bubbles,in favor of the form

关 键 词：自组装 碳纳米管 四层体系 阻燃性 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工] TS116[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]