地震作用下边坡的崩塌落石距离研究  

Collapse Distance of Rock Fall of Slope under the Earthquake

作　　者：王荣 董洁 方怡[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国港湾工程有限责任公司,北京100027 [2]中国地震局地壳应力研究所,北京100085

出　　处：《金属矿山》2016年第11期21-27,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划专项(编号:2011AA11A102);北京市优秀人才项目(编号:2015000057592G270);中国地震局地壳应力研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(编号:ZDJ2016-12)

摘　　要：基于室内振动台试验和能量守恒原理,开展了一系列的边坡崩塌落石的振动台试验,揭示了不同频谱特性、地震峰值加速度、场地类型、坡形、地下水位高度以及不同落石形状和大小对边坡失稳后崩塌距离的影响规律,提出了不同影响因素下以边坡高度为评价指标的边坡落石防护的临界阈值。研究表明：远场地震作用下不同形状的落石距离大于近场地震作用下的落石距离;不同形状的落石随着地震峰值加速度的增加,其崩落的距离逐渐增加。随着边坡坡角的增加,不同形状的落石距离表现出先增大后减小的趋势,在边坡角度达到60°时,随着边坡角度的继续增加,不同形状落石的距离逐渐减小;随着边坡坡高的增加,不同形状的落石距离表现出增大趋势;考虑地震峰值加速度影响时,不同形状落石距离的从大到小依次为球形、圆柱形、方形、长条形;而考虑边坡坡形影响时不同形状落石距离的从大到小依次为球形、圆柱形、长条形、方形,与汶川地震中圆球形和圆柱形落石对边坡坡底构筑物的影响最严重的案例较为吻合。基于概率方法计算得出：在边坡（1.2~1.4）H（H为坡高）范围时坡脚构筑物受影响的概率最大,此区间的确定可为坡脚构筑物的防护设计提供参考。Based on the shaking table test and the principle of conservation of energy,a series of shaking table tests of slope rock fall are carried out,then the influence laws of collapse distance after instability of the slope under different influence factors including spectrum characteristics,seismic peak ground acceleration,types of site,types of the slope,underground water level and rock fall shape and size are revealed. Finally,critical threshold values of rock fall protection,which uses the probability method and is evaluated by the slope height,under different influencing factors,are put forward. The results show that the distance of rock falls under far field-earthquake is greater than that under the near-field earthquake. The distances of rock falls increase with the increase of peak acceleration. With the increase of height of slope,distance of rock falls in different shapes show increasing trend,while the angle of the slope reaches 60°,the distance of rock falls decrease with the increase of slope angle. The distance of rock falls from largest to smallest are spherical rock falls,cylindrical rock falls,rectangle rock falls and square rock falls considering the influence of peak acceleration of earthquakes,while the distance of rock falls from largest to smallest are spherical rock falls,cylindrical rock falls,square rock falls and rectangle rock falls considering the slope shape.The probability value within the range 1. 2H～1. 4H（ the slope height） reaches maximum based on the probability method,which can provide reference for protection design of structures at the foot of slope.

关 键 词：概率方法 振动台试验 频谱特性 崩塌落石 地震 

分 类 号：TU4[建筑科学—土工工程]