新生儿血小板减少症259例临床分析  

Clinical Characteristics Analysis of 259 Cases of Neonatal Thrombocytopenia

作　　者：肖秀漫[1] 江程程[1] 姜娜[1] 林振浪[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第二医院、育英儿童医院,325027

出　　处：《医学研究杂志》2016年第11期124-128,共5页Journal of Medical Research

摘　　要：目的对新生儿血小板减少症的病因及临床特点进行分析，以指导临床早期明确病因，并进行针对性的治疗。方法回顾性分析笔者医院新生儿科2013年1月～2015年12月收治的259例血小板减少症患儿的临床资料。结果新生儿血小板减少症总发生率为2．9％（259／9039），重症监护病房的发生率为8．3％（231／2800）。早发型（〈72h）113例（43．6％），最常见的原因为免疫性，其次是败血症、围生期窒息、宫内发育迟缓、先天愚型、宫内TORCH感染；晚发型（〉72h）146例（56．4％），最常见的原因是败血症，其次是坏死性小肠结肠炎。259例血小板减少症中病死率为8．9％（23／259），显著高于笔者医院同期住院血小板正常患儿病死率1．0％（85／8780），差异有统计学意义（χ2=133．4，P=0．000）。结论新生儿血小板减少症发生率较高，尤其在重症监护病房，达8．3％；早发型血小板减少症最常见原因为免疫性，其次是败血症、围生期窒息、宫内发育迟缓、先天愚型、宫内TORCH感染；晚发型常见原因为败血症、坏死性小肠结肠炎；该病病死率较高，达8．9％，临床上应引起重视，做到早发现、早治疗。Objective To analysis etiology and clinical characteristics of neonatal thrombocytopenia,so as to make clear the clinical etiology, and targeted therapy. Methods Totally 259 cases of newborns with thrombocytopenia in the neonatal unit of affiliated to WenZhou Medical university from January 2013 to September 2015 were studied retrospectively. Results The overall incidence of the disease was 2.9% （259/9039） , and the incidence rate of the intensive care unit was 8.3% （231/2800）. Early onset thromboeytopenia （〈 72h） were 113 cases （43.6%） , the most common cause was immunologic diseases, followed by sepsis, perinatal asphyxia, intrauter- ine growth restriction, Down＇s syndrome,fetal infection with TORCH. And there were 146 cases （56.4%）of late onset thromboeytopenia （〉 72h）. the most common cause was sepsis, followed by necrotizing enterocolitis. Of the 259 cases of neonatal thromboeytopenia, the death incidence was 8.9% （23/259） , which was significantly higher than the same period hospitalized neonates whose platelet normal with death incidence of 1.0% （85/8780） （χ2 = 133, 4,P = 0. 000）. Conclusion The incidence rate of neonates with thromboeytopenia was high, especialiy in NICU, about 8.3%. The most common cause of early onset thrombocytopenia was immunologic factors, followed by sep- sis, perinatal asphyxia, intrauterine growth restriction, Down＇s syndrome, fetal infection with TORCH. And the most common cause of late onset thrombocytopenia was sepsis, followed by neerotizing enterocolitis. The death incidence of thrombocytopenia was high,about 8.9%. We should pay more attention, so as to early detect and early treat.

关 键 词：新生儿 血小板减少 回顾性分析 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]