一种新型双向强迫换流型限流断路器的分析与设计  

Analysis and Design of a New Bidirectional Forced Current Commutation Current Limiting Circuit Breakers

作　　者：江壮贤[1] 庄劲武[1] 武瑾[1] 徐国顺[1] 张超[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北省武汉市430033

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2016年第23期6484-6489,6615,共6页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51207166)~~

摘　　要：针对强迫换流型限流断路器双向关断时关断电路体积大以及需要判断电流方向等问题,提出一种新型的双向强迫换流型限流断路器拓扑结构,利用机械开关分断时产生的电弧电压对桥式二极管的钳位作用控制关断电流的投入方向,对任一方向电流的关断均可采用同一控制策略,无需判断故障电流方向。分析了线路分布电感对关断电流分布的影响规律,得到了关断电流初始上升率的约束条件,在该文的实际应用条件下关断电流上升率应小于100 A/?s。设计了600 V/630 A断路器样机,进行正、反向短路分断试验,可将初始电流上升率为8.25 A/?s的短路电流在1.1 ms内成功分断,限流峰值为7.8 k A。试验结果表明所提出方案有效、可行和分析准确、可信。Forced current commutation current limiting circuit breakers need to detect the current directions and to equip with a bulk impulse circuit when it is used in bi-directional situation. A new bi-directional topology of forced current commutation was proposed which employs one strategy to cut off fault currents of both directions and does not need to judge the current direction. The arc voltage of the mechanical contacts was employed to clamp the bridge diodes off and thus to control the direction of the impulse switching current. Effects of stray inductances on the distribution of switching circuits were analyzed and the constraints of the initial rate of rise of switching currents were achieved. In the research situation, the initial rate of rise of switching currents must be less than 100 A/μs. A 600 V/630 A prototype of the circuit breaker was designed, and switching off experiments of short circuit currents in both directions were conducted. A short circuit current with initial rate of rise of 8.25 A/μs was cut off within 1.1 ms with maximum current of 7.8 k A, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed topology.

关 键 词：限流断路器 强迫换流 双向关断 高速触头机构 

分 类 号：TM471[电气工程—电器] TM77