西方国家政党规制及其变化趋势  

The Regulations on Political Parties in the West and Their Changing Tendency

作　　者：林德山[1] LIN Deshan

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学政治与公共管理学院,北京海淀100088

出　　处：《中共中央党校学报》2016年第6期24-33,共10页Journal of The Party School of The Central Committee of The C.T.C

摘　　要：西方国家的政党规制主要通过国家对政党的法律规范和政党内部的规制两个层次的制度来体现。有关政党的法律规范因各国的政治和法律体系的差异而不同,但过去一个时期,西方国家普遍出现了加强对政党的法律规范的趋势。在政党的内部制度方面,不同的政党规制主要是由党的开放性、组织集中性以及党的功能性需求等方面的特征决定。在这些方面,西方国家政党政治发展中的一些趋势性特征也反映在了主流政党的一些制度变化中。从变化的社会政治环境中捕捉政党规制的脉络,这是理解西方国家政党内部治理的基本要求。The regulations on political parties in the West consist of rules on two levels, i.e. national laws on the parties and the regulating rules in individual parties. The national laws on the parties vary in different countries with different political and legal systems. There is, however, a general tendency in the West to reinforce regulating rules on parties in the past decades. The internal regulations in individual parties depend on the need of openness, the centralization of power, and the functional requirements for the party. And some changing characteristics in the party politics in the West; are reflected in the changing regulating rules of the party. In order to understand the internal governance in the party in the West, we have to catch hold of the evolution of the regulations on the party in the changing social and political context.

关 键 词：西方国家 政党规制 法律规范 内部规制 变化趋势 

分 类 号：D564[政治法律—政治学] DF2[政治法律—国际政治]