黄腹山鹪莺育雏行为和雏鸟生长  

Feeding Behavior and Nestling Growth of Yellow-bellied Prinia (Prinia flaviventris)

作　　者：丁志锋 梁健超 潘新园[1,2,3,4] 胡慧建 

机构地区：[1]广东省生物资源应用研究所,广州510260 [2]广东省野生动物保护与利用公共实验室,广州510260 [3]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2016年第6期969-976,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31572257);广东省科学院青年科学研究基金项目(No.qnjj201405)

摘　　要：2007年3-9月,在广东省肇庆市江溪村对黄腹山鹪莺（Prinia flaviventris）的育雏行为和雏鸟生长进行了研究。通过取食行为观察、育雏食物分析和雏鸟身体量度的测量来研究黄腹山鹪莺亲鸟繁殖投资和雏鸟的生长规律。研究期间,利用隐蔽帐观察窗进行行为观察,观察距离在5 m以内;在雏鸟身体上用无味彩笔标号以区别雏鸟个体：10日龄前,标记于雏鸟背部,10-12日龄,标记在雏鸟跗跖处;对部分数据进行双变量相关分析,利用Logistic曲线拟合雏鸟形态增长,并比较每个回归方程斜率间的差异。结果显示：1）黄腹山鹪莺育雏由雌雄共同承担,育雏期（11.9±0.4）d（n=7巢）。幼雏出壳后亲鸟早晚暖雏,第7天起亲鸟白天不再暖雏;2）随雏鸟的生长,喂食次数和食物种类逐渐增加,雏鸟日龄与喂食次数极显著相关（r=0.995,P〈0.01）;3）育雏期雏鸟食物皆为动物性食物,以蜘蛛目物种所占比例最大（40.95%）,其他包括幼虫及直翅目、鳞翅目、鞘翅目、蜻蜓目等节肢动物;4）Logistic曲线方程中,体重的生长率常数k值最大,与其他k值之间存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）;5）黄腹山鹪莺体重、体长、尾长、翼长、嘴峰、嘴裂、第三根初级飞羽（简称为P3）、跗跖及爪各参数间的相关系数均为0.9以上（P〈0.01）,参数之间在一定程度上可相互代替;6）黄腹山鹪莺雏鸟的发育遵循最重要的功能优先发育的原则,符合能量分配假说。黄腹山鹪莺喂食次数、雏鸟生长速率（k值）相对较高,可能与当地丰富的食物资源有关,也可能是对巢址环境多变的适应。Nestling behavior and nestling growth of Yellow-bellied Prinia （Prinia flaviventris） were observed in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China, from March to September, 2007. In this study, we recorded the food consume, nestling food composition and nestling measurements of Yellow-bellied Prinia to investigate its parental investment and nestling development pattern. The feeding behavior was observed through the window of hidden tent in a distance within 5 m from the nest. Nestlings were marked with colored, odorless pen on their backs when younger than 10 days old, and on their tarsus when nestlings were 10, 11 and 12 days old. Bivariate correlation was employed to analyze the relationship between nestling age and types of food fed by their parents, and the correlation matrix of nestling measurements. Also, logistic growth curve was used to fit the nestling growth data, and the k value of each regression was performed a significance test. Our results showed that： 1） Nestlings were fed by both parents, with the nestling period of 11.9 ± 0.4 d （n = 7）. When nestlings were less than 7 days old, parents spent more time on warming nestlings in the morning and evening; 2） Feeding frequency and the types of food increased as nestlings grew older, with nestling age positively correlated with parental feeding frequency （r = 0.995, P 〈 0.01）; 3） Nestlings were fed with arthropods only, with the spiders being the most （40.95%） and others including larvas, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Odonata and so on （Fig. 1）; 4） The k value of growth curve for body weight （Fig. 2） was the maximum value （Table 1）, and differed significantly from other k values （P 〈 0.05） of length growth curves （Fig. 3）; 5） All the correlation coefficients among body measurements （body weight, body length, tail length, wing length, culmen length, gap length, the third primary feather （abbreviated as ‘P3’ below） and length of tarsus and claw） of nestlings were larger than 0.9 （P 〈 0.01, Table 2

关 键 词：黄腹山鹪莺 喂食次数 雏鸟生长 逻辑斯蒂曲线 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]