2010-2015年河南省5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻病原谱分析  

Pathogen spectrum analysis of viral diarrhea in children below 5 years old of Henan,2010-2015

作　　者：赵嘉咏[1,2] 申晓靖[1,2] 王泽乾 张白帆[1,2] 苏佳[1,2] 黄学勇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016 [2]淇县疾病预防控制中心,河南淇县456750

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第23期4240-4244,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：十二五科技重大专项"艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治专项"(2013ZX10004203;2012ZX10004215);河南省科技攻关课题"细菌性病原体分子分型与网络化溯源技术应用研究(152102310133)"

摘　　要：目的分析河南省腹泻儿童轮状、杯状、星状及肠道腺病毒病原谱及流行病学特征。方法采集2010-2015年四个哨点医院5岁以下儿童腹泻粪便1 963份,ELISA法检测A组轮状病毒并进行G/P基因分型,多重RT-PCR/PCR检测B/C组轮状、杯状、星状与肠道腺病毒;对阳性病例流行病学资料进行统计分析。结果共检出阳性样本1 234份(包括混合感染样本76份),总阳性率62.9%:轮状病毒887份(A组802份,B组18份,C组67份),阳性率45.2%;杯状病毒264份(诺如I型52份,诺如II型173份,扎如39份),阳性率13.4%;星状病毒131份,阳性率6.7%;肠道腺病毒28份,阳性率1.4%。A组轮状病毒以G9P[8]优势型别,存在秋季和春季两个较显著高峰;杯状病毒以诺如II型为主,存在一个春夏季感染高峰。阳性病例存在不同程度的发热、腹泻、呕吐等临床症状,性别及城乡分布存在病原学差异。结论河南省5岁以下儿童中存在较高的腹泻病毒感染率,以A组轮状与诺如II型病毒为主,不同类别病毒感染的流行病学及临床特点不同。Objective To investigate the pathogen spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus, calicivirus, astrovirus and enteric adenovirus of children with diarrhea in Henan Province. Methods 1 963 stool samples were collected in four sentinel hospitals from children below 5 years old in 2010 -2015. Rotavirus pathogens in group A were detected by ELISA method,and positive cases were made G/P genotyping. While group B/C （rotavirus, calicivirus, astrovirus and enteric adenovirus） were detected by RT - PCR/PCR. The epidemiological data of positive cases were statistically analyzed. Results 1 234 positive samples were detected from 1963 diarrhea samples,including 76 mixed infection samples, and total positive rate was 62. 9% ,including 887 samples of rotavirus （802 cases of group A, 18 cases of group B,67 cases of group C）, which positive rate was 45.2%. The positive rates of 264,131 and 28 samples from calicivirus （52 cases of Novovirus 1,173 cases of NovovirusII,sapovirus 39cases） and astrovirus were 13.4% ,6.7% and 1.4%. Rotavirus A gene type was composed mainly of GgP [ 8 ] and there were two seasonal positive rate peaks in autumn and spring. Novovirus II was the main type of calicivirus and there was one spring/summer infection peak. Positive cases had different degrees of clinical symptoms, such as fever, diarrhea, vomiting,et al. Gender and region distributions were different, according to the types of pathogen infection. Conclusion There are higher infection rate of diarrhea virus among children below 5 years old in Henan Province, and different types of virus infection present different epidemiological and clinical features.

关 键 词：腹泻病毒 儿童 病原谱 基因型别 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]