马君武的社会主义解读及其对民生主义的意义  

Ma Junwu's Interpretation of Socialism and its Significance to People's Livelihood

作　　者：王海林[1,2] 董四代[1] WANG Hailin DONG Sidai(Wuyi University ＆ Mt. Wuyi Research Institute of the United Front Culture in Fujian Province, Wuyishan Fujian, 354300, China CollegeofPolitics and Administration, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China)

机构地区：[1]武夷学院暨福建省统战文化武夷山研究基地,福建武夷山354300 [2]天津师范大学政治与行政学院,天津300387

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第6期27-32,共6页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"马克思学说在中国研究(1899-1923)"(14XKS010);福建省社会科学规划(青年)项目"从‘礼运大同’到‘中国梦’:中国理想社会追寻轨迹"(2013C046)

摘　　要：在早期的国民党人中,马君武最早论述社会主义和接触马克思主义。在进化论的影响下,马君武在分析西方文艺复兴以来的历史发展进程中,肯定科技发展和竞争在社会变革中的驱动作用;在对社会主义思想的介绍和评介中,他批判资本主义,提出废除私有制、消除贫富差距和两极分化,肯定社会主义的理想和目标。这构成当时人们分析历史的两个基本维度——现实主义与理想主义,前者要求面对现实、实事求是,深刻把握社会变革中的重大历史命题,寻求解决社会问题的方法和路径;后者要求批判现实、展望未来,树立远大的奋斗目标,纠正现实社会之缺陷与不足,防止社会变革造成严重问题。马君武的资本主义批判与社会主义解读,为早期国民党人民生主义思想的形成和发展奠定了思维范式和方法论基础。Ma Junwu was the earliest Kuomintang member who discussed socialism and contacted the Marxism. Under the influence of evolution theory, in his analysis of historical development since the Western Renaissance Ma affirmed the driving force of technological progress and competition in social change, and in the review of the socialist ideology he criticized cap-italism and proposed the abolition of private ownership, and the elimination of the gap between the rich and the poor and of polarization, and affirming the ideal of socialism. This constituted two basic dimensions of history analysis at that time： real-ism and idealism. The former seeks truth from facts, profoundly grasping the major historical proposition in social changes, and seeking solutions to the problems; the latter criticizes the reality and looks to the future, setting up a great target,so as to correct the defects and shortcomings of social reality, and to prevent serious social problems caused by social changes. Ma Junwu’s critique to capitalism and his interpretation of socialism provided a thinking paradigm and basis of methodology for the formation and development of the thought of people’s livelihood by the early Kuomintang.

关 键 词：马君武 进化论 资本主义 社会主义 民生主义 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]