饲料中海洋红酵母对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、消化酶及免疫酶活性的影响  

Effect of dietary Rhodotorula mucilaginosa on growth performance,digestive and immune enzymes activities of juvenile Nile tilapia( Oreochromis niloticus)

作　　者：杨铿[1] 林黑着[1] 夏冬梅[1] 周传朋[1] 杨莺莺[1] 黄忠[1] 虞为[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2016年第6期51-58,共8页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：现代农业(虾)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-47);广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻1222013-3);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201103034)

摘　　要：为了研究海洋红酵母(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa)对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)幼鱼生长性能、消化酶及免疫酶活性的影响,配制6组饲料,分别为对照组、添加1 g·kg^(-1)、2 g·kg^(-1)、3 g·kg^(-1)、4 g·kg^(-1)和5 g·kg^(-1)的海洋红酵母组,投喂初始均质量为(5.22±0.01)g的尼罗罗非鱼,实验56 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,2 g·kg^(-1)和4 g·kg^(-1)组的饲料系数显著降低(P<0.05),1 g·kg^(-1)、3 g·kg^(-1)和5 g·kg^(-1)组则没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。5 g·kg^(-1)组鱼体粗蛋白含量显著低于1 g·kg^(-1)和2 g·kg^(-1)组(P<0.05),1 g·kg^(-1)、3 g·kg^(-1)和5 g·kg^(-1)组鱼体粗灰分含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,1 g·kg^(-1)组胃蛋白酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),3 g·kg^(-1)、4 g·kg^(-1)和5 g·kg^(-1)组胃蛋白酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。2 g·kg^(-1)和3 g·kg^(-1)组前肠和中肠淀粉酶和脂肪酶,以及肝脏溶菌酶和一氧化氮合酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。根据尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼的消化酶和免疫酶活性等指标综合分析得出,海洋红酵母在罗非鱼饲料中的建议添加量为2~3 g·kg^(-1)。A growth trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary Rhodotorula mucilaginosa on the growth performance, digestive and immune enzymes activities of juvenile Nile tilapia （ Oreochromis niloticus）. Six diets were formulated by adding dif- ferent levels of R. mucilaginosa to basal diet （control） ： 1 g·kg^-1 , 2 g·kg^-1 , 3g·kg^-1, 4 g·kg^-1 and 5 g·kg^-1 , respectively. The results show that compared with the control, the FCR of the fish in 2 g·kg^-1 and 4 g·kg^-1 groups decreased significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The body crude protein of the fish in 5 g·kg^-1 group was significantly lower than those in 1g·kg^-1 and 2 g·kg^-1 groups （P 〈 0.05 ）. The body crude ash of the fish in 1g·kg^-1, 3 g·kg^-1 , 5 g·kg^-1 groups were significantly lower than that in control group （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with the control, the pepsin activity of the fish in 1 g·kg^-1 Group increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） , but the pepsin activities of the fish in 3 g·kg^-1 , 4 g·kg^-1 and 5 g·kg^-1 groups decreased significantly （ P 〈 0.05）. The amylase activities in stomach, liver, foregut and midgut in 2 g·kg^-1 group were higher than those in control group significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The lipase activities in foregut, midgut and hindgut in 2 g·kg^-1 and 3 g·kg^-1 groups than those in control group significantly （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with the control, the hepatic lysozyme and nitric oxide synthase activities of the fish in 2g·kg^-1 and 3 g·kg^-1 groups increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In conclusion, the optimal dietary R. mucilaginosa level in juvenile tilapia feed could be 2 -3 g·kg^-1.

关 键 词：尼罗罗非鱼 海洋红酵母 生长性能 消化酶活性 免疫酶活性 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]