生物磷肥对普通白菜生长、品质及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Biological Phosphorus Fertilizer on Pakchoi Growth and Quality and Soil Nutrient Status

作　　者：曹翠玲[1] 闫辉 王珍[1] 邵阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]天津天士力中药科技发展有限公司,天津300400

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2016年第12期30-37,共8页China Vegetables

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2013K01-38);杨凌示范区科技计划项目(K336021401)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验方法,研究解磷细菌肥对普通白菜生长、品质及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:施用解磷细菌肥后土壤细菌数量极显著升高,解磷细菌数量随解磷细菌肥施用量的增加而极显著增加,每盆施用45g解磷细菌肥处理的土壤解磷细菌可达2.05×106cfu·g-1;同时土壤p H值下降。随着解磷细菌肥施用量的增加,普通白菜地上部磷积累量极显著增加,分别比其相应对照增加121.06%、226.43%和302.09%;地上部鲜质量呈显著增高趋势,分别比其相应对照增加40.19%、52.71%和33.56%;根冠比显著降低,其中每盆施用45g解磷细菌肥处理的根冠比最低,为0.013。每盆施用45g解磷细菌肥处理的普通白菜叶片VC、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量及游离氨基酸含量分别比其相应对照增加29.97%、39.94%、30.86%、17.36%,但硝态氮含量降低21.83%。综上,以麸皮为主要载体制作的解磷细菌肥可以极显著提高普通白菜对土壤难溶性磷素的利用,并能显著提高普通白菜的产量和品质。Pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of phosphate-solublizing fertizer （ PSF ） on pakchoi ~ Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis （ L. ） Makino vat. communis Tsen et Lee ） growth and quality, and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that after applying PSF, the total bacteria number in soil was increased, among them the total number of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria was increased with the increase of PSF applying amount. When the amount of PSF was 45 g . pot-1, the number of phosphate-solublizing bacteria could reach 2.05 × 10^6 cfu .g-1. At the same time, the soil pH value decreased remarkably. With PSFapplication rate increase, the phosphate accumulation in pakchoi aboveground plant were increased remarkably 121.06%, 226.43% and 302.09% more than the corresponding contrasts, respectively. The fresh and dry weight of pakchoi were increased significantly, by 40.19%, 52.71% and 33.56% more than the corresponding contrasts, respectively. While the root shoot ratio reduced significantly. Among them, the root shoot ratio was 0.013, the lowest when PSF application rate was 45 g. pot-1. When the amount of PSF application was 45 g. pot-1, the contents of VC, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free amino acid were higher than that of the contrast by 29.97%, 39.94%, 30.86%, 17.36%, respectively. But the nitrate content in leaf blades was reduced to 21.83%. Therefore, the application of PSF formentated with bran could promote the utilization of insoluble phosphorus in soil, and improve the yield and quality of pakchoic.

关 键 词：普通白菜 生物磷肥 解磷细菌肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S634[农业科学—蔬菜学]