飞行员阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的调查  

Epidemiological investigation of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in pilots

作　　者：庞剑 刘杰峰 郭永敬[2] 邓昌磊[2] 段建宝 刘德宝 

机构地区：[1]解放军第四六三医院,沈阳110042 [2]北部战区空军后勤部卫生处,沈阳110015 [3]解放军93271部队

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2016年第3期180-183,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：全军医学科技“十二五”科研项目（CWS11J207）

摘　　要：目的：调查研究航空兵部队飞行员阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome ，OSAHS）患病率，为军事飞行员阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的防治提供依据。方法采用随机数字法抽取航空兵部队飞行员236人，由专人以问答形式填写Epworth嗜睡量表，调查年龄、吸烟史和饮酒史，测量颈围、身高、体重，计算体质指数。对其进行睡眠呼吸监测，监测夜间血氧饱和度、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数等指标。结果236例飞行员经睡眠监测及嗜睡评分后，依据检查结果分为3组：无打鼾组207例，单纯打鼾组26例，OSAHS组3例；OSA HS患病率为1．27％。3组飞行员的年龄、吸烟及饮酒情况比较，差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝17．533、9．870、13．302，P＜0．01），平均Epworth嗜睡量表评分、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数、颈围和体质指数比较，差异有统计学意义（ F＝14．231～92．801， P＜0．01）。结论飞行员阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与年龄、吸烟、饮酒、颈围及体质指数等因素相关，其患病率低于国内普通人群，但因其能引起代谢紊乱以及认知能力下降等临床表现，对飞行操作存在安全隐患，应引起重视。Objective To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea‐hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） in pilots and to provide reference on prevention and cure of OSAHS in pilots . Methods Two hundred and thirty‐six pilots were randomly picked and were asked to fill out a questionnaire about Epworth sleepiness scale （ESS） score .Their age ,smoking and drinking habit were gathered .Their neck circumference ,height ,body weight and body mass index （BMI） were also measured .The sleepiness of pilots were monitored by nocturnal oxygen saturation ,apnea hypopnea index （AHI） and other indicators . Results The 236 pilots were divided into three groups according to the ESS and sleep monitoring results ：no snoring group （n=207） ,simple snoring group （n=26） and OASHS group （n= 3） .The prevalence of OSAHS was 1 .27% .Age ,smoking and drinking habits were significantly different among three groups （χ^2 = 17 .533 ,9 .870 ,13 .302 , P〈 0 .01） . ESS ,AHI ,neck circumference and BMI were significantly different among three groups （F=14 .231‐92 .801 , P〈 0 .01） . Conclusions Pilots′ OSAHS are correlated to such factors as their age , smoking ,drinking ,neck circumference and BMI .The prevalence of OSAHS is lower in pilots than that in common people .Since OSAHS can cause metabolic disorder ,cognitive decline and other clinical manifestations ,it may become a potential risk to flight operation ,and thus attention should be paid on detection and treatment of OSAHS in pilots .

关 键 词：睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 患病率 横断面研究 飞行员 

分 类 号：R856.76[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]