催化剂对棉秆微波裂解产物产率和裂解油组分的影响  

Effects of Catalysts on the Product Yields and the Bio-oil Components from Microwave Pyrolysis of Cotton Stalk

作　　者：王新运[1] 秦国旭[1] 陈明强[2] 王君[2] 

机构地区：[1]巢湖学院化学与材料工程学院,安徽巢湖238000 [2]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2016年第6期960-965,共6页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:20676002);安徽省高校省级自然科学基金资助项目(编号:KJ2013Z233)

摘　　要：用不同催化剂微波裂解棉秆,研究了催化剂对裂解产物产率和裂解油组分的影响.结果表明,NaOH,Na_2CO_3和H_3PO_4均可降低液体产物产率、增加固体产物和气体产物产率.液体产率由不加催化剂时的28.9%分别降到23.8%,22.1%和26.7%.不加催化剂时微波裂解油中主要组分包括羟基丙酮、糠醛、愈创木酚及4-甲基愈创木酚,加入NaOH和Na_2CO_3均能显著提高羟基丙酮含量,羟基丙酮含量由35.24%提高到约50%.加入H_3PO_4可明显促进糠醛和4-甲基愈创木酚生成,糠醛+4-甲基愈创木酚含量提高到约70%,而不加催化剂时其含量均在10%以下,且H_3PO_4抑制羟基丙酮生成,并显著简化微波裂解油组分.提出了由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素分别直接裂解生成羟基丙酮、糠醛和4-甲基愈创木酚的可能的反应路径.The microwave pyrolysis of cotton stalk was investigated to determine the effects of three different catalysts on the yields of product and the components of bio-oil. Research results showed that NaOH, Na2CO3 and H3PO4 can all decrease the yield of liquid and increase the yields of solid and gas, the liquid yield decreased to 23.8%, 22.1% and 26.7% from 28.9% without catalysts, respectively. The main components of bio-oil from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of cotton stalk without catalysts are acetol, furfural, guaiacol, and 4-methyl-guaiacol. Both NaOH and Na2CO3 can remarkably favor the formation of acetol. The relative concentration of acetol increased to about 50% from 35.24%. H3PO4 can significantly promote the formation of furfural and 4-methyl-guaiacol. The total relative peaks of these two components（furfural and 4-methyl-guaiacol） were up to 70%. However, the relative concentrations of furfural and 4-methyl-guaiacol in bio-oil from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of cotton stalk without catalysts was less than 10%. Meanwhile, H3PO4 can inhibit the formation of acetol. Moreover, H3PO4 addition can greatly simplify the bio-oil components. The possible formation pathway of acetol, furfural and 4-methyl-guaiacol for the direct conversion of the cellulose unit, the xylan unit and the coniferyl alcohol were proposed, respectively.

关 键 词：微波裂解 棉秆 催化剂 产物产率 裂解油组分 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]