“耕读分家”:理解村落社会变迁的新视角  

Separation of Farming and Learning——A Critical Perspective for Understanding the Social Changes in Village Society in China

作　　者：刘朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学人类学研究所

出　　处：《广西民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第6期2-7,共6页JOURNAL OF GUANGXI MINZU UNIVERSITY:PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION

摘　　要：通过对两个村落社会的民族志研究,阐释20世纪发生在乡村社会的"耕读分家"与乡村儒学、士绅阶层,以及宗族制度变革的历史逻辑。基于村落民族志的历史叙事,从思想基础、社会结构和阶层分化三个层面,展示作为儒家传统文化的"耕读传家"是如何走上"耕读分家"的社会历史过程。认为发生在20世纪的"耕读分家"经历了"传家"机制的断裂,和"耕"与"读"的分割两个阶段。当前发生在乡村社会中旨在重构"耕读文化"的乡村重建实验和乡村旅游,只是一种"舞台化"的文化表演形式,既不可能演变成为村民日常生活的具体实践,也不可能达到重建乡土社会的目标。Through an ethnographic study of two village communities in Fujian and Zhejiang Provinces,this paper expounds the historical logic relationship between the separation of farming and learning occurred in Chinese village society in 20 th Century and the changes of rural Confucianism,the gentry class and the clan system.Based on three levels of ideological foundation,social structure and social stratum differentiation,the paper demonstrates how farming and learning in ＂the family heritage of farming and learning＂,apart of traditional Confucian culture,was separated from each other.The research indicates that the separation of farming and learning experienced two phases during the 20 th century：the breakage of the inheritance mechanism went initially,and the separation of farming and learning followed.It is concluded that the rural reconstruction experiment and rural tourism aiming at rebuilding the culture of farming and learning in contemporary rural Chinaare in essence forms of staged cultural performance,which is impossible to evolve into daily practice of the villagers or to achieve the goal of the village society reconstruction.

关 键 词：耕读传家 耕读分家 舞台化 乡土本位 历史民族志 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理]